WEEK 11 Metabolic Syndrome

Question 1

Definitions of Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 1

Evolving definition,
International Diabetes Foundation:
Central obesity (↑ waist circumference as per ethnicity standards)+ 2 of the following:
-TG >150mg/dl (or rx)
-↓ HDL <40mg/dl Male or Rx
             <50mg/dl Female
- ↑ BP - 130/85mm Hg or HTN
- ↑ FBS - > 100mg/dl or DM

Question 2

Why should we study about Metabolic Syndrome?

Answer 2

American Diabetes association argues that diagnosis is not medically relevant or clearly defined and treatment is same for each of those components regardless of diagnosis

in 2010, WHO said that though Metabolic syndrome is a useful educational concept, it has limited practical utility

But it may independently signify ↑ risk of
Type 2 DM by 5-6 fold ↑
CVD by 2-3 fold ↑

Question 3

Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 3

https://keats.kcl.ac.uk/pluginfile.php/6607908/mod_resource/content/1/6MNT0302_7MNT0003%20Metabolic%20Syndrome%20slides.pdf
page 2

Question 4

Management of Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 4

Weight control
Physical Activity
Stop smoking
Alcohol under guidelines
Eat a healthy diet
Take the medicines for sugar, bp, cholesterol, TG

Question 5

Weight management and Metabolic Syndrome - what diet works?

Answer 5

Tobias et al
All calorie restriction + exercise works - high fat, low fat, etc.
5% of weight loss is recommended for metabolic sydnrome
DASH and mediterranean diet recommended as they are whole food diets

Question 6

Conclusions about Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 6

• Reducing weight + physical exercise: main strategy to prevent/reverse
metabolic syndrome
• Other dietary modifications such as type of carbohydrate (low G), and
possibly fat, may be important in prevention of metabolic syndrome but
2 major dietary intervention studies (where weight loss was prevented)
were unable to demonstrate conclusive improvement in IS
• Whole diet approach (e.g. Mediterranean, DASH) may be the most
effective intervention for someone with metabolic syndrome