Week 11 Dialysis access scanning Flashcards
What is the purpose of kidney dialysis?
To eliminate waste and excess water from the blood.
What are the 4 types of dialysis access?
- Peritoneal dialysis
- Dialysis cathere
- AVF
- AVG
Where can peritoneal dialysis be done?
Home.
What is an advantage of peritoneal dialysis?
DOes not require major surgery, less complications.
How often can peritoneal dialysis be done?
Each night or daily.
What is a major problem with peritoneal dialysis?
Infection.
Where is a dialysis catheter usually tunneled into?
Prox. IJV
How long is a dialysis typically used for?
Less than 3 months.
What us a major downfall of a dialysis cathere?
Prone to infection.
What is the function of a catheter?
Takes venous blood out for dialysis and the other catheter returns cleansed blood to the artery.
What are the 2 types of dialysis access?
- Fistulas
- Grafts
What is a fistula?
It is a direct connection between artery and vein.
What is brecia-cimino fistula?
Radial artery to cephalic vein @ wrist→1 anastom.
What are the 2 typical grafts used for dialysis access?
- Transposed veins.
- PTFE
What are the 2 anastomoses?
Arterial anastomoses and venous anastomoses with graft between them.
What are the 2 types of graft shapes?
Straught and loop grafts.
What is a hemodialysis access?
SUrgical attachment of artery and vein via fistula or graft to increase flow in vein for repeated puncture by catheter to dialysis equipment.
Where is a hemodialysis usually done?
Non-dominant arm.
What does a hemodialysis access do to veins?
- Lumpy
- Thrill can be palpated
- Vein gets larger
What is basic hemodialysis diffusion?
High pressure artery to low pressure vein.
What do AV fistulas and AV grafts do?
- Takes blood from a distal arterial bed directly into venous system.
- Creates high flow rates.
