WEEK 11 Flashcards
1
Q
Examples of anti-gang legislation
A
- Bill C-95
- Bill C-22
- Criminal Code Offence
- Bill C-24 (current anti-gang legislation)
- Section 467.11
- Section 467.12
- Section 467.13
2
Q
Is membership a criminal offence?
A
- Not in Canada
3
Q
What was the Lindsay and Bonner vs the Queen case?
A
- first case to test federal govt 2001 anti-gang legislation - making it a crime to commit a serious offence for the benefit of a criminal organization
- Ontario Supreme Court held that Hells Angels motorcycle gang is a criminal organization
- first time that a judge declared the group as opposed to individuals to be criminal
- Lindsay and Bonner were 2 members of Hells Angels accused of extortion and acting in association
4
Q
Examples of legislation against drugs
A
- Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (1996)
- Bill C-10 (2012)
- The Cannabis Act
5
Q
Examples of legislation against money laundering
A
- The Proceeds of Crime and Terrorist Financing Act
4 main obligations of reporting entities - establish a compliance program
- identify and verify clients
- maintain certain specific records
- report certain specified transactions
- lawyers are exempt
6
Q
What is a shell company?
A
- company incorporated having no significant assets or operations
- company formed to act as a trustee or to deal with trusts
- flexible form of enterprise that blends elements of partnership and corporate structures
7
Q
4 categories of wiretap
A
Part 4 of the Criminal Code governs wiretaps
- general wiretap
- wiretap with consent
- emergency wiretap
- video intercepts
8
Q
3 types of communication
A
- cryptolect
- argots and cants
9
Q
What is cryptolect?
A
- secretive dialect used to keep outsiders of the communicative loop of the group
- often based on in-group based slang
10
Q
What are argots and cants?
A
- 2 most common types of cryptolects
- argots = temporary secret languages used by street criminals
- cants = secret languages used by long lasting criminal gangs and passed down through generations
