Week 11 Flashcards
How do attractive children and adults differ from unattractive ones?
Children
- Received higher grades
- Showed higher levels of intellectual competence
- Were more popular and better adjusted
Adults
- More successful at work
- Liked more
- Physically healthier
- More sexually experienced
- Held more traditional attitudes
- More confidence and self esteem
- Slightly higher intelligence and mental healther
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What is evolutionary social psychology?
View complex social behaviour as adaptive, hepling the individual, kin, and the species as a whole to survive
Why might men prefer thinner or heavier women?
Western society men may prefer thinner as heavier indicates unhealth.
Men in forager societies may prefer heavier women as being thin may indicate illness or malnourishment
How does Rhodes explain our preference for “average” faces?
Average faces draw the attention of infants to those objects in their environment that most resemble the human face - an average face is like a prototype.
What three ‘ideal partner’ dimensions appear to guide the preferences of both men and women?
Warmth-trustworthiness
Vitality-attractiveness
Status-resources
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What three factors influence liking after initial attraction?
Proximity
Familiarity
Similarity
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What is Clore’s law of attraction?
Attraction to a person bears a linear relationship to the actual proportion of similar attitudes shared with that person
What is assortative mating?
People who are evenly matched in their physical appearance, social background, personality, sociability, interests and leisure activities are more likely to be attracted to one another. “Birds of a feather…”
What model of attraction postulates that we like people who are around when we experience a positive feeling?
Reinforcement-affect model
How is cost-reward ratio factored in liking?
Liking for another is determined by calculating what it will cost to be reinforced by that person
How are classical conditioning and environmental factors related to attractiveness?
The mere association of a negatively valued background stimulus, such as being hot and crowded, can make another person seem less attractive.
What is a minimax strategy?
We try to minimise the costs and maximise the rewards of relating to others
What is a comparison level?
A standard that develops over time, allowing us to judge whether a new relationship is profitable or not.
What is equity theory?
What are its two main situations?
A special case of social exchange theory that defines a relationship as equitable when the ratio of inputs to outcomes are seen to be the same by both partners.
- A mutual exchange of resources (as in marriage)
- An exchange where limited resources must be distributed
How do men and women differ in expectations of equality or equity norms in relationships?
Men prefer equity - parties receive resources as required
Women prefer equality - all parties receive identical resources
