Week 10: Antiemetic drugs (vomiting) (15 questions) Flashcards
Anticholinergics:
Scopolamine
Used for?
Drug Interactions?
contraindication?
adverse affects?
N/V associated with motion sickness and post- op N/V
Drug Interactions:
Antihistamines & antidepressants
glaucoma
cant see
can’t pee
cant spit
can’t shit
cant sweat
Anticholinergics:
Scopolamine (patch)
Nursing considerations
Asses for?
Apply how? and where?
For Surgery?
Assess for cues of urinary retention
Apply patch to a hairless, clean, dry area behind ear
For surgery, place behind ear 1 hour before remove 1 day after
Anticholinergic
Client Education
application of transdermal patch
apply when to prevent motion sickness?
apply where?
replace how often?
Apply 4 hours before exposure to travel to prevent motion sickness
Apply to hairless, clean, dry area behind ear
Replace every 3 days PRN
Antihistamine
meclizine
used to treat?
contraindicated in?
form?
Used to treat dizziness, vertigo, and N/V
Contraindicated in shock & glaucoma
PO only
Antihistamines
Nursing considerations
what can it cause?
Sedation
Vertigo
Motion sickness
Antidopaminergics
adverse effects? 5
**Orthostatic hypotension
**Sedation
Tachycardia
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Tardive dyskinesia
Antidopaminergics
prochlorperazine
Frequently used where?
Look out for?
contraindicated in clients with? 4
Frequently used in the acute care setting
cues of extrapyramidal symptoms & tardive dyskinesia
coma
seizure disorder
encephalopathy
bone marrow depression
Antidopaminergics
Promethazine
Adverse effect?
stop if?
contraindicated in?
preferred route?
***VERY SEDATING
***DC immediately if burning or pain w/ administration
-Contraindicated in < 2 years old
-PO & IM (preferred route), suppository, and IV
For promethazine
Nursing consideration
asses clients for what?
Never administer how?
If giving IM?
Assess client for level of sedation after administration
Never administer subcutaneously or intra arterially
If giving IM, keep client in recumbent position for 30 minutes to minimize orthostatic hypotension
Neurokinin Receptor Antagonists
Aprepitant
used for?
Available in? iv dose is called?
Measures to decrease nausea?
adverse affects?
Specially indicated for chemo induced N/V
Available PO and IV
(IV dose is called fosaprepitant)
-Begin w/ sips of liquid
-Avoid large-greasy meals
-Promote good oral hygiene
-Remove noxious stimuli from the environment
Hypotension, bradycardia, and dizziness
Prokinetic Drugs
Metoclopramide
What’s possible in young adults?
protect from?
Potential development of
Protect from light
Extrapyramidal effects possible in young adults
Potential development of tardive dyskinesia w/ long-term use**
Prokinetic Drugs
Metoclopramide
increases?
Nursing considerations
PO?
IV?
Intermittent infusion?
increases GI motility
**PO: administer doses 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime
**IVP: administer IV doses 30 minutes before chemo
Give slowly over 1-2 minutes
**Intermittent infusion: Infuse slowly over at least 15-30 minutes
Serotonin Blocker
Ondansetron
Used for?
Can do what?
How to administer:
PO?
IVP?
Intermittent infusion?
N/V associated w/ chemotherapy’
**Can prolong QT interval!!!!!!
PO
-Do NOT attempt to push through foil backing
-W/ dry hands, peel backing & remove tablet
IVP
-Administer undiluted
-If giving IV, 8 mg IVP over 30 seconds, preferably over 2-5 mins
Intermittent Infusion
-Administer dose over 15 minutes
Tetrahydrocannabinols-
dronabinol
can help stimulate?
how should it be stored?
take oral solutions with?
administer 1st dose how?
may be administered?
2nd line treatment for N/V associated with chemo
can help stimulate appetite
Capsules should be stored in the refrigerator
Oral solutions should be taken with a full glass of water (6-8 oz)
Administer 1st dose on an empty stomach; subsequent doses
can be taken w/ or w/o food
Maybe be administered prophylactically 1-3 hours prior to
chemotherapy
Herbals- Ginger
Used for?
May increase?
increases?
Used for nausea and vomiting
Drug interactions
-May increase absorption of all oral
medications
-Increase bleeding risk with anticoagulants
