Week 10 Flashcards
How are the mind and brain different?
The brain is physiological and confined to the body while the mind is about how we think and not confined to the body
What are lobes and gyro?
Lobes are large sections of the brain divided by their functions, and gyri are the ridges of the brain
What are Brodmann Areas?
Separations of parts of the brain by cell function and organization
What are Intrinsic Connectivity Networks?
When different brain areas work together and form networks
What are the different states of ICN?
- Default mode network: wakeful rest, daydreaming, unoccupied, etc.
- Central executive network: when brain is focused on a specific task
- Salience network: state that occurs in-between switching from DMN and CEN
What do MRIs do?
They take 3D pictures of the brain (measure strcture, brain activity, and brain connectivity)
Do different anatomical regions generally have different functions?
Yes
What is an example of a brain region having multiple functions?
Broca’s area is mostly in charge of speech, but also effects imitation abilities
What is reverse inference?
Assuming what cognitive function is happening by what part of brain is activated
What are non modular cognitive processes?
Central, high-level, open ended, and requires a large range of information to solve general problems
What are modular cognitive processes?
Lower level, rapid solutions to domain specific problems
What is Forodean modularity?
Defines if cognitive function is independent, domain specific, automatic, fast, automatic, and quick
What is massive modularity (aka Darwinian modules)?
An opposing thought to Forodean modularity that claims all brain functions are modular as result of evolution
What is an example of massive modularity?
Wason’s selection task has been argued to be a result of evolution to identify cheaters
What is temporal resolution?
How precisely a neuroimaging method can measure changes over time
What is spacial resolution?
How precisely a neuroimaging method can tell where activity is happening in the brain
What is a single unit recording and its strengths?
Measures potentials of small areas of neurons (high temporal and spacial resolution)
What is an EEG and its strengths?
Measures electrical activity through scalp (high temporal, low spacial)
What is an MEG and its strengths?
Measures magnetic fields produced by electric activity from neurons (high temporal and mid-high spacial)
What is an fMRI and its strengths?
Measures blood oxygen levels in brain areas (low temporal and high spacial)
What is the time-domain analysis?
Tracks how brain activity changes over time
(ex: ERPs)
What is frequency-domain analysis?
Tracks different types of brain frequencies in brain activity (Alpha waves vs. Gamma waves vs. etc.)
What’s an example of an ERP study used to study attention?
1) Experienced dancers were made to mimic dances demonstrated to them, and had more Mu Rhythm Desynchronization waves (waves of motor cortex activity) when improvising
