Week 10 Flashcards
what subunit is responsible for ATP synthesis in ATP synthase
beta
can acetyl CoA be turned into pyruvate
NO!!!!!!
what are the 2 stages of the CAC? how many
- acetyl group joins OXA for 2 oxidative decarboxylations → CO2 and 2 NADH
- OXA regeneration → 1 GTP, 1 NADH and 1 FADH2
1 water used in each half
what is the first regulating step of the CAC?
citrate synthase
breaking thioester bond from CoA releases lots of energy
requires water
what is the second regulating step of the CAC? is it in the first or second part of the cycle?
isocitrate dehydrogenase
still in first half of cycle
1. NAD+ reduction and carbonyl formation
2. decarboxylation: loose COO-
makes a-ketoglutarate
what is the last regulating step of the CAC? what is this similar to?
a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
similar to PDC
what is complex I in the ETC? what does it do? how many protons does it pump? what molecules inhibit it?
NADH dehydrogenase
reduces CoQ
pumps 4 protons
inhibited by rotenone and amytal
what is complex II in the ETC? what does it do? how many protons does it pump? what molecules inhibit it?
succinate dehydrogenase
reduces CoQ (like complex I)
pumps 0 protons
inhibited by succinate
what is complex III in the ETC? what does it do? how many protons does it pump? what molecules inhibit it?
ubiquinone/cytochrome C oxioreductase
accepts electrons from CoQ and passes to CytC
pumps 4 protons
inhibited by antimycin A
what is complex IV in the ETC? what does it do? how many protons does it pump?
cytochrome C oxidase
oxidizes CytC and passes electrons to O
pumps 2 protons
what inhibits ATP synthase?
oligomycin
explain Peter Mitchell’s Chemiosmotic Hypothesis
ATP synthesis is driven by a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
is F1 or F0 the integral membrane section of ATP synthase?
F0
describe Boyer’s binding change mechanism
3 different states for beta units: loose (ADP and Pi), tight (ATP bound) and open (ATP leaves)
