Week 1 trial Flashcards
Pharmacokinetics -
what the body does to the drug
Absorption:
The movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood
Distribution:
The movement of drugs throughout the body
Metabolism:
Transformation of a drug by enzymes into metabolites
Excretion:
Drug removal from the body
Pharmacodynamics -
what the drug does to the body; Study of the relationship between the drug and a target cell or receptor to produce a therapeutic effect in a patient
Pharmacogenomics -
study of the genetic attributes of an individual that lead to variable responses to drugs
Pharmacoeconomics -
Description and analysis of the cost of drug therapy to healthcare systems and society
Drug:
any chemical that produces a measurable biological response
Pharmacology:
the study of drugs and their actions
Pharmacotherapeutics:
the use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy
Prodrugs:
Inactive compounds that rely on metabolism to become active
Bioavailability:
percentage of administered dose that enters the bloodstream
Efficacy:
index of the maximal response a drug can produce regardless of dose
Potency:
index of how much drug must be administered to elicit a desired response
ED50 =
amount of drug that produces the desired effect in 50% of the people taking it
LD50 =
amount of drug that produces toxicity in 50% of the people taking it
Therapeutic index:
Ratio of LD50 to ED50; Drugs with narrow therapeutic index have a very narrow range between the dose that is effective and the dose that is toxic
Genes:
a stretch of DNA which encodes for proteins and determines genetic characteristics.
Genotype:
an individual’s genetic makeup derived from mixing of genes from that individual’s parents
Phenotype:
physical characteristics of an individual based on expression of the genotype
Common Supplements
o Calcium o Echinacea o Fish Oil o Ginseng o Glucosamine and/or Chondroitin Sulphate o Garlic o Vitamin D o St. John’s Wort o Saw Palmetto o Ginkgo o Green Tea
