Week 1 - The Pre-spanish Period Flashcards
The first alphabet used by our ancestors was
similar to that of the Malayo-Polynesian
alphabet also known as
Alibata
Our ancient literature are presented in the
following forms:
● Legends
● Folk tales
● Epics
● Folk Songs
● Epigrams, riddles, chants
● Proverbs and sayings
All records were burned by the Spanish friars
for believing that all of these are some part of
demonic ritual. And it had been easy for them
since all of our records are written in bark of
trees, dried leaves, cave walls, and bamboo
cylinders.
–read–
Our ancient literature also involves mythical creatures like:
● Minokawa (Bagobo) - dragon-bird made of silver
● Balbal (Tigbanua) - corpse-eating witch
● Numputol (Ifugao) - self-beheading wherein his head breathes fire
● Buso (Bagobo) - shadow that sips everything from a corpse except the bones
● Tikbalang (Tagalog) - reversed centaur
● Sigbin (Waray) - combination of dog and kangaroo that walks backwards
● Batibat (Ilocano) - huge woman that sits on the chest if you cut her tree
● Palasekan (Ilonggo) - invisible whistling creature who loves dirty secrets
● Santelmo - also known as St. Elmo’s Fire
● Danag (Cebuano) - helps in cultivating taro plant but also sips blood
started when the GOMBURZA (Mariano
Gomez, Jose Burgos, Jacinto Zamora) were
guillotined on February 17, 1872 at
Bagumbayan.
-read-
THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT
Objectives:
❖ To get equal treatment for the Filipinos and the Spaniards
under the law.
❖ To make the Philippines a colony of Spain.
❖ To restore Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes.
❖ To Filipinize the parishes.
❖ To give the Filipinos freedom of speech, of the press,
assembly and for redress of grievances.
❖ Teodora Alonzo – mother and his first teacher
❖ studied in Ateneo Manila
❖ started medicine in University of Santo Tomas and finished
in Universidad Central of Madrid
❖ also studied in the University of Berlin, Leipzig and
Hiedelberg
❖ died on December 30, 1896 in Bagumbayan
(musketry)
❖ his pen-names were: Laong Laan and
Dimasalang
Dr. Jose Rizal
(Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Alonzo y Realonda)
What are the literary works of jose rizal
❖ Noli Me Tangere (Touch-Me-Not)
- exposed the evils in the society
❖ El Filibusterismo (The Reign of Greed)
- exposed the evils in the government and church
❖ Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell)
- his poem when he was incarcerated at Fort Santiago
❖ Sobre La Indolencia De Los Filipinos (On The Indolence of
the Filipinos)
- essay about the so-called Filipino indolence
❖ Filipinos Dentro De Cien Aňos (The Philippines within a
Century)
- essay about his prediction that if there is any other
colonizer of the Philippines in the future, it will be United States
❖ A La Juventud Filipina (To The Filipino Youth)
- poem dedicated to the Filipino young students at UST
❖ El Consejo De Los Dioses (The Council of the Gods)
- an allegorical play manifesting admiration for Cervantes
❖ Junto Al Pasig (Beside the Pasig River)
- written when he was 14 years old
❖ Me Piden Versos (You Asked Me for Verses) and A Las
Flores De Hiedelberg (To the Flowers of Hiedelberg)
- two poems manifesting Rizal’s unusual depth of emotion
❖ Notas A La Obra Sucesos De Las Filipinas For El Dr.
Antonio De Morga (Notes on Philippine Events by Dr.
Antonio de Morga; 1889)
❖ P. Jacinto: Memorias De Un Estudiante De Manila
(P. Jacinto: Memoirs of a Student of Manila; 1882)
❖ Diario De Viaje De Norte America (Diary of a Voyage
to North America)
He was born on August 30, 1850 at Cupang, San
Nicholas, Bulacan
Marcelo H. Del Pilar
Educational Background:
❖ last year in law school was interrupted for 8 years after he
had a quarrel with the priest during a baptism on San
Miguel, Manila in 1880
❖ died on July 4, 1896 at Barcelona, Spain due to
Tuberculosis
❖ his pen-names were: Plaridel, Pupdah, Piping Dilat,
and Dolores Mandapat
❖ established Diariong Tagalog* in 1882
(exposed the evils of Spanish government and avid false
accusations hurled at him by priests.)
❖ to avoid banishment, he was forced (exiled) to go to
Spain in 1888.
❖ replaced Graciano Lopez Jaena as editor of La
Solidaridad
(*a paper which became the vehicle thru which reforms in
the government could worked out.)
Marcelo H. Del pilar
His literary works are
❖ assisted by Fr. Serrano Laktaw in publishing a
different Catechism and Passion Book wherein they
made fun of the priest
❖ they also made Dasalan at Tocsohan and Kaiingat
Kayo*
(*from the word IGAT, a kind of snake fish in politics)
❖ Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country)
- translated from the Spanish AMOR PATRIA of Rizal, published on
August 20, 1882, in Diariong Tagalog.
❖ Kaiingat Kayo (Be Careful)
- used his pen-name Dolores Mandapat here
- humorous and sarcastic dig in answer to Fr. Jose Rodrigez in the novel
Noli Me Tangere.
- published in Barcelona in 1888
❖ Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes)
- a cathecism but sarcastically done
- published in Barcelona in 1888
- because of this he was called a “filibuster”
❖ Ang Cadaquilaan ng Dios (God’s Goodness)
- a sarcastic cathecism but with a philosophy of the power
and intelligence of God and appreciation for and love for nature
❖ Sagot sa Espanya sa Hibik ng Pilipinas (Answer to Spain
on the Plea of the Filipinos)
- a poem pleading for a change from Spain but that Spain is
already old and weak to grant any aid to the Philippines.
- answer to Hermenigildo Flores’ Hibik sa Pilipinas (A plea
from the Philippines)
❖ Dupluhan…Dalit…Mga Bugtong (A poetical contest
in narrative sequence, psalms, riddles)
- a compilation of poems about the oppression by the
priests in the Philippines
❖ La Soberania En Pilipinas (Sovereignity in the
Philippines)
- injustice of the friars in the Philippines
❖ Por Telepono (By Telephone)
❖ Pasiong Dapat Ipag-alab ng Puso ng Taong Babasa
(Passion that should arouse the hearts of the readers)
Marcelo H. Del pilar
❖ born on December 18, 1856 in Jaro, Iloilo
❖ established La Solidaridad*
(*official voice of Associacion Hispano de Filipinas –
composed of Filipino and Spaniards who worked
reforms in the Philippines)
Graciano lopez jaena
Stood for:
❖ separation of church and state for FREE Education
❖ better government and schools
❖ freedom of worship
❖ independent and FREE university
died in a charity hospital in Barcelona on
January 20, 1896.
Graciano lopez jaena
Literary works:
❖ Ang Fray Botod (Friar Botod)
- written in Jaro, Iloilo in 1876, after the Cavite revolt
- exposed that some friars are greedy, ambitious and immoral
❖ La Hija Del Fraile (The Child of the Friar) and Everything
is Hambug (Everything is mere show)
- explains the tragedy of marrying a Spaniard
❖ Sa Mga Pilipino…1891
- speech aimed to improve the condition of the Filipino to
become free and progressive
❖ Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to
Commemorate Columbus)
- speech delivered in Madrid on the 39th anniversary of the
discovery of America
❖ En Honor Del Presidente Morayta De La Associacion
Hispano Filipino 1884
- he praised Gen. Morayta for his equal treatment of the
Filipinos
❖ En Honor De Los Artistas Luna Y Resurreccion Hidalgo
1884
- praise for the paintings of Hidalgo on the condition of the
Filipinos under the Spanish
❖ Amor A Espaňa O A Las Jovenes De Malolos (Love for Spain or
To The Youth of Malolos)
- how girls were taught Spanish in schools and whose teachers
were the governor-general of the place
❖ El Bandolerismo En Pilipinas (Banditry in the Philippines)
- refuted the existence of banditry in the Philippines and of how
there should be laws on robbery and other reforms
❖ Honor En Pilipinas (Honor in the Philippines)
- triumphant exposition of Luna, Resurrecion Pardo de Tavera
of the thesis that intellect or knowledge gives honor to the
Philippines
❖ Pag-alis sa Buwis sa Pilipinas (Abolition of Taxes in the
Philippines)
❖ Institucion ng Pilipinas (Sufferings of the Philippines)
- refers here to the wrong management of education on 1887
Graciano lopez jaena
❖ pharmacist banished to Spain
❖ pen-name: Tagailog
❖ died on June 1899 by Aguinaldo’s soldiers
Antonio luna
