Week 1: Station 5 - Neck

Question 1

Identify the compartments of the neck

Answer 1

1. Visceral
2. Vascular
3. Vertebral

Question 2

What is housed in the visceral neck compartment?

Answer 2

• Thyroid
• Parathyroid glands
• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Oesophagus

Question 3

What is housed in the vascular neck compartment?

Answer 3

• All major blood vessels
• Vagus nerve

Question 4

What is housed in the vertebral neck compartment?

Answer 4

• Cervical vertebrae
• Postural muscles (prevertebral and postvertebral)

Question 5

What surrounds all three compartments?

Answer 5

Musculofacial collar

Question 6

Answer 6

A. Bifid spinous process

B. Lamina

C. Vertebral foramen

D. Posterior tubercle

E. Transverse foramen

F. Pedicle

G. Superior articular facet

Question 7

How many cervical vertebra are there?

Answer 7

7

Question 8

What type of joint is found between the occipital condyles and atlas?

Answer 8

Synovial condyloid

Question 9

What type of joint is present between C1 and C2 at the odontoid peg?

Answer 9

Synovial pivot

Question 10

What structures pass through the transverse foramen?

Answer 10

Vertebral arteries

Veins

Question 11

What curvature exists in the cervical region of the vertebra?

Answer 11

Lordosis

Question 12

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?

Answer 12

• Anterior edge of the SCM
• Midline
• Mandible (superiorly)

Question 13

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?

Answer 13

• Trapezius posteriorly
• SCM edge anteriorly
• Clavicle inferiorly

Question 14

What are the contents of the anterior neck triangle?

Answer 14

• Hyoid bone
• Anterior digastric belly
• IJV
• ECA

Question 15

What is the origin and insertion of the SCM?

Answer 15

Origin = clavicle and manubrium (two heads)

Insertion = Mastoid process

Question 16

If the RIGHT sternocleidomastoid contracts what are the two actions it has?

Answer 16

• Head tilts right
• Face turns left

Question 17

What are the actions of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 17

• Retraction of scapula
• Superior rotation of scapula
• Depression of scapula

Question 18

Which cranial nerve innervates the SCM and trapezius?

Answer 18

Accessory nerve (CrN XI)

Question 19

What triangle of the neck is the accessory nerve found?

Answer 19

Posterior triangle

Question 20

What are the 4 divisions of the anterior triangle?

Answer 20

• Submental
• Digastric
• Carotid
• Muscular

Question 21

Identify the 4 triangles here

Answer 21

Yellow = digastric

Red = submental

Blue = carotid

Brown = muscular

Question 22

What are the boundaries of the submental triangle?

Answer 22

Superior = Mandible

Inferior = Hyoid

Lateral = Anterior digastric

Posterior = Myolohyoid

Question 23

What are the contents of the submental triangle?

Answer 23

Submental lymph nodes

Question 24

What are the boundaries of the digastric triangle?

Answer 24

Superior = Mandible

Inferior = Hyoid bone

Medial = Anterior belly of digastric

Posterior = Posterior belly of digastric

Question 25

What are the contents of the digastric triangle?

Answer 25

Facial artery Submandibular salivary gland

Question 26

What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?

Answer 26

**Superior =** Posterior belly of digastric and hyoid bone **Anterior =** Omohyoid **Posterior and Lateral =** SCM

Question 27

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

Answer 27

Neurovascular sheath - IJV - ECA - Vagus

Question 28

What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?

Answer 28

**Superior =** Hyoid and sup. omohyoid belly **Inferior =** Manubrium **Lateral =** Omohyoid and SCM **Posterior =** Sternohyoid

Question 29

What are the contents of the muscular triangle?

Answer 29

Infrahyoid muscles

Question 30

What nerve structure is found at the floor of the posterior triangle?

Answer 30

Brachial plexus