Week 1: Station 5 - Blood Supply to the Nervous System

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

From which arteries do the left and right vertebral arteries arise?

Answer 2

L&R Subclavian

Question 3

Which part of the brain is the basillar artery closely related to?

Answer 3

The pons

Question 4

How does the basillar artery form?

Answer 4

Joining of the 2 vertebral arteries

Question 5

Which arteries completes the anterior part of the circle of willis by linking the internal carotid to the ACA

Answer 5

Anterior communicating arteries

Question 6

Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this fissure?

Answer 6

ACA

• Longitudinal fissure

Question 7

Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this sulcus?

Answer 7

MCA

• Lateral sylvian fissure

Question 8

Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this fissure (as well as the calcarine)?

Answer 8

PCA

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

What cerebral arteries supply the primary motor cortex?

Answer 10

ACA (superiorly)

MCA

Question 11

What cerebral arteries supply the primary sensory area?

Answer 11

ACA (superiorly and medially)

MCA

Question 12

Which cerebral artery supplies the primary visual area?

Answer 12

PCA

Question 13

Which cerebral artery supplies the primary auditory area?

Answer 13

MCA

Question 14

Which cerebral artery supplies the area for olfaction?

Answer 14

MCA

Question 15

Study this to see which areas will lose sensation/motor function as a result from bleeds in the ACA/MCA

Answer 15

ACA = trunk down

MCA = fine motor areas

Question 16

Which parts of the brain are supplied by the vertebrobasillar system?

Answer 16

Cerebellum

Brainstem

Inner ear

Question 17

Identify this artery

Answer 17

Superior cerebellar artery

Question 18

Which cranial nerve emerges immediately above the superior cerebellar artery?

Answer 18

Occulomotor nerve

Question 19

What is this and what is it’s function?

Answer 19

Carotid sinus

• Pressure receptor
• Monitors volume of blood flow to the head
• Sensory nerves from the pharyngeal plexus

Question 20

What is this and what is it’s function?

Answer 20

Carotid body

• Chemoreceptors detect low oxygen levels
• Sensory nerves run in the glossopharyngeal nerve and increase HR, RR and BP in response to anoxia

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

What are emissary veins?

Answer 22

Small veins connecting venous sinuses with diploe of the skull and superficial fascia

Question 23

What forms this groove?

Answer 23

Sigmoid sinus

Question 24

What forms this groove?

Answer 24

Superior sagittal sinus

Question 25

What is this?

Answer 25

Cavernous sinus

Question 26

What veins drain into the cavernous sinus?

Answer 26

Superior opthalmic

Middle cerebral

Question 27

What neurovascular structures pass through the cavernous sinus?

Answer 27

Nerves

• Occulomotor nerve
• Trochlear
• Opthalmic division of trigeminal
• Abducens

Vessels that drain into it

• Opthalmic vein
• Middle cerebral vein

Question 28

What causes a cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer 28

Spreading of infection from the nose

Question 29

How does infection spread into the cavernous sinus?

Answer 29

Through the superior opthalmic vein

Question 30

What does a cavernous sinus thrombosis cause?

Answer 30

Loss of vision

• Pressure on optic chiasm

Occulomotor palsy

Trochlear palsy

Abducens palsy

Loss of sensation to the forehead

Question 31

What is the blood supply of the spinal cord?

Answer 31

Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

Question 32

What arteries fuse to form the anterior spinal artery?

Answer 32

Vertebral arteries