Week 1: Station 5 - Blood Supply to the Nervous System Flashcards
From which arteries do the left and right vertebral arteries arise?
L&R Subclavian
Which part of the brain is the basillar artery closely related to?
The pons
How does the basillar artery form?
Joining of the 2 vertebral arteries
Which arteries completes the anterior part of the circle of willis by linking the internal carotid to the ACA
Anterior communicating arteries
Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this fissure?
ACA
- Longitudinal fissure
Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this sulcus?
MCA
- Lateral sylvian fissure
Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this fissure (as well as the calcarine)?
PCA
What cerebral arteries supply the primary motor cortex?
ACA (superiorly)
MCA
What cerebral arteries supply the primary sensory area?
ACA (superiorly and medially)
MCA
Which cerebral artery supplies the primary visual area?
PCA
Which cerebral artery supplies the primary auditory area?
MCA
Which cerebral artery supplies the area for olfaction?
MCA
Study this to see which areas will lose sensation/motor function as a result from bleeds in the ACA/MCA
ACA = trunk down
MCA = fine motor areas
Which parts of the brain are supplied by the vertebrobasillar system?
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Inner ear
Identify this artery
Superior cerebellar artery
Which cranial nerve emerges immediately above the superior cerebellar artery?
Occulomotor nerve
What is this and what is it’s function?
Carotid sinus
- Pressure receptor
- Monitors volume of blood flow to the head
- Sensory nerves from the pharyngeal plexus
What is this and what is it’s function?
Carotid body
- Chemoreceptors detect low oxygen levels
- Sensory nerves run in the glossopharyngeal nerve and increase HR, RR and BP in response to anoxia
What are emissary veins?
Small veins connecting venous sinuses with diploe of the skull and superficial fascia
What forms this groove?
Sigmoid sinus
What forms this groove?
Superior sagittal sinus
What is this?
Cavernous sinus
What veins drain into the cavernous sinus?
Superior opthalmic
Middle cerebral
What neurovascular structures pass through the cavernous sinus?
Nerves
- Occulomotor nerve
- Trochlear
- Opthalmic division of trigeminal
- Abducens
Vessels that drain into it
- Opthalmic vein
- Middle cerebral vein
What causes a cavernous sinus thrombosis?
Spreading of infection from the nose
How does infection spread into the cavernous sinus?
Through the superior opthalmic vein
What does a cavernous sinus thrombosis cause?
Loss of vision
- Pressure on optic chiasm
Occulomotor palsy
Trochlear palsy
Abducens palsy
Loss of sensation to the forehead
What is the blood supply of the spinal cord?
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
What arteries fuse to form the anterior spinal artery?
Vertebral arteries
