Week 1- Spiritual Belief And Bereavement Flashcards
Normal grief
Parkes 4 phases :
1- numbness
2- yearning / pining and anger
3- disorganisation and despair
4- Reorganisation
Acute grief
Somatic or bodily distress
Preoccupation with image of deceased
Guilt relating to deceased or circumstances of death
Hostile reactions
Inability to function as one had before the loss
Development of traits of deceased in own behaviour
Grief symptomatology
Sadness , anger , guilt , anxiety , fatigue , helplessness , shock and yearning and numbness and beliefs me loneliness
Somatic sensations from stomach , chest , throat , sensitivity to noise , depersonalisation , breathlessness and muscle weakness , lack of energy and dry mouth
Disbelief , conc impairment , preoccupation with deceased , sense of presence and hallucinations
Sleep and appetite disturbance , absent mindedness , social withdrawal, dreams of deceased and avoidance of reminders , searching and calling out , overactivity , crying etc
Worden’s tasks of mourning
Accept the reality of the loss
Work through the pain of grief
Adjust to an environment in which the deceased is missing
Emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life
Pathological grief
Extended grief reactions - getting stuck
Mummification and denial
Major depressive disorder > 2 months after loss
Psychological impact of close death
Loss of presence of person (emotional , functional role , role definition of person left behind ) in present and future
Forced to confront own mortality : shattering it immorality myth and personal implications - importance of life stage of griever
Traumatic undermining / crisis of world view
Factors affecting grief severity -
Obvious :
Closeness of relationship
Meaningfulness of relationship
Nature of relationship prior to death
Expectedness and manner of death
Age and developmental stage of Griever
Non obvious -
Individual resilience , neuroticism , introversion , childhood trauma , parenting
Attachment and dependency
Religious belief
Social support
Attachment and dependency
Childhood attachment (Bowlby)
Adult attachment ( Ainsworth )
Dependent attachment Vs secure attachment and extended / complex grief
Interactions between attachment , spirituality and fear of death / casual and mitigating
Types of infant attachment
Secure attachment
Anxious ambivalent / resistant attachment
Anxious avoidant attachment
Disorganised attachment
Why address spirituality
WHO definition of health (1998)
Empirical evidence of effects of spirituality on physical and mental health (Koenig)
Myth of neutral therapist / doctor
Myth of neutral therapist
Psychoanalyatical and rogerian aspiration of neutrality - therapist as mirror
Alan Bergen (US Mormon) - leakage of values
Facing and acknowledging clinicians Own value base and world view and reflection in impact of therapy
Declaration of value base / world view assessment
Dimensions of religious commitment
Nominal / culture versus believing
Extrinsic Vs intrinsic
Liberal Vs orthodox
Moral values Vs religious beliefs
Key components of impact of religious belief on bereavement - Stroebe 2004
Belief in an afterlife (BA) the do ruining existence of loved one and possibility of meeting up again
Continued attachment (CA) prayer as means of continuing connection with deceased
Defence against fear of personal death / extinction
Religious funeral rituals that aid and progress the grief process
Religious funeral rituals that recruit social support
