week 1 - software design methodologies

Question 1

What does SDLC stand for?

Answer 1

System Development Life Cycle

Question 2

What is System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) a process of?

Answer 2

Understanding how an information system (IS) can support business needs by designing a system, building it, and delivering it to users.

Ex. payroll system, library system and human resources information system

Question 3

What type of development strategies can System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) do?

Answer 3

Structured or unstructured.

Question 4

What is a methodology?

Answer 4

A formalized approach to implementing the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).

Question 5

What things are used to develop software?

Answer 5

Cost, Scope, Time and Quality

Question 6

What are some software methodologies?

Answer 6

Waterfall, Agile, Iterative Unified Process

Question 7

What is the Waterfall Model?

Answer 7

Moves from one phase to the next by completing each phase entirely.

It is heavy on documentation.

Difficult to move backwards or iterate.

Question 8

What is Rapid Application Development (RAD)?

Answer 8

Rapid Application Development involves prototyping in order to reduce the amount of time it takes to get the product to the customer.

It takes an iterative approach (ex, people make a prototype, get user feedback and then adapt it by going back and making changes)

Question 9

What is the agile model?

Answer 9

Agile is the ability to create and respond to change. It is an adaptive model which is responsive to change.

Question 10

What are some agile values?

Answer 10

Individuals and interactions over processes and tools.

Working software over comprehensive documentation.

Customer collaboration over contract negotiation.

Responding to change over following a plan.

Question 11

Agile software development includes what?

Answer 11

Frameworks such as Scrum, Extreme Programming, or Feature-Driven Development (FDD).

It espouses practices such as pair programming, test-driven development, stand-ups, planning sessions and sprints.

Question 12

What are some shortfalls to agile?

Answer 12

• One size fits all lifecycle (so difficult to scale)
• Does not care about risks
• Geared towards centralized teams
• Low documentation

Question 13

What is Scrum?

Answer 13

A lightweight framework that helps teams generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems. Daily Scrum meetings attended by the product owner, ScrumMaster and the entire Scrum team to discuss requirements and plan short sprints.

Question 14

What is Extreme Programming?

Answer 14

A development framework that aims to produce higher quality software, and higher quality of life for the development team. Uses the concept of pair programming to enhance quality and reduce effects.

Question 15

What are the roles in Scrum?

Answer 15

Product Owner: the person who’s ultimately
responsible for the product and must relay the vision
accurately to developers

Scrum Master: Kind of like a development
lead, who liaises between the team members and the
product owner, coordinating activities

Team Members: all with
different roles (QA, architect, developer)

Question 16

What is Extreme Programming?

Answer 16

A methodology that is considered agile and that focuses on communication, timely feedback and a close working relationship between the user and the developer.

It also involves frequent integration and integration tests, pair programming and short iterations.

Question 17

What are the Extreme Programming Rules?

Answer 17

1. Planning
2. Managing
3. Designing
4. Coding
5. Testing

Question 18

What are the roles in Extreme Programming?

Answer 18

Customer: Writes user stories, functional tests

Developer: Estimate stories, define tasks, write unit tests, write code, refactor, continuously integrate

Manager: define/update planning rules, monitor planning, fix deviations, release and iteration planning, monitor progress, track defects

Coach: Ensure application of extreme programming practices in project

Question 19

What is the Unified Process?

Answer 19

Described by a set of phases and workflows, the Unified Software Development Process or Unified Process is an iterative and incremental software development process framework.

Question 20

What is the Agile Unified Process?

Answer 20

Describes an approach to software development using agile techniques and concepts yet still remaining true to the unified process.

Includes test driven development (TDD), agile modelling (AM), agile change management, and database refactoring to improve productivity.

Question 21

What is System Analysis and Design?

Answer 21

Uses a use-case-driven, architecture-centric, iterative and incremental information systems development approach.

Question 22

What is the Unified Modeling Language (UML)?

Answer 22

A standard set of diagramming techniques that provide a graphical representation rich enough to model any systems development project from analysis through implementation.

Question 23

What is a Data Flow Diagram?

Answer 23

A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical tool that
allows system analysts (and system users) to
depict the flow of data in an information system.

Question 24

What three things does a context diagram show?

Answer 24

1. All external entities
2. Entities must be nouns, not verbs.
3. The major information flows between the external entities and the system.