Week 1 Review - What is the Old Testament

Question 1

Moses and Exodus (?)

Answer 1

1250 BCE

Question 2

Conquest, Settlement, Judges (?)

Answer 2

1200 - 1000 BCE

Question 3

David / United Monarchy (?)

Answer 3

1000 BCE

Question 4

Division of the Kingdom

Answer 4

922 BCE

Question 5

Fall of the Northern Kingdom - Israel

Answer 5

722 BCE

Question 6

Fall of the Southern Kingdom - Judah

Answer 6

587 BCE

Question 7

Edict of Cyrus - Return from Exile

Answer 7

538 BCE

Question 8

Ezra and the Law Reestablished in Jerusalem

Answer 8

450 BCE

Question 9

Name the Key Dates

Answer 9

1250 BCE - Moses and the Exodus
1200-1000 BCE - Conquest, Settlement, Judges
1000 BCE - David / United Monarchy
922 BCE - Division of the Kingdom
722 BCE - Fall of the Northern Kingdom - Israel
587 BCE - Fall of the Southern Kingdom - Judah
538 BCE - Edict of Cyrus - Return from Exile
515 BCE - Completion of the second temple
450 BCE - Ezra and the Law Reestablished in Jerusalem

Question 10

Name the Nine Critical Moments

Answer 10

Creation
The Call of Abraham
Exodus (Sinai and Covenant)
Conquest of the Land and Settlement
Establishment of the Monarchy
Division of the Monarchy (Israel/Judah)
Fall of Israel
Fall of Judah
Return and Restoration (the rise of Persia)

Question 11

Name the 6 things Israel can mean

Answer 11

1. Name of a person (Jacob wrestled God and was given the name of Israel)
2. Name of a people descended from Jacob
3. Name of a nation (during the time of Judges and united monarchy)
4. The Northern Kingdom (during the time of the divided monarchy)
5. People who return to what used to be the land of Judah after the exile in Babylon
6. Modern nation-state

Question 12

What are the names of God?

Answer 12

YHWH
Adonai - My Lord
Ha-Shem - the Name
Jehovah - Angilicanization/mashup/incorrect translation of YWHW and Adonai (consonants of YHWH and vowels of Adonai)
God

Question 13

What does Adonai mean?

Answer 13

My Lord - stand in for YHWH

Question 14

What does Ha-Shem mean?

Answer 14

The Name - stand in for YHWH

Question 15

What is the TaNaK?

Answer 15

Abbreviation for the Hebrew Bible:
Torah
Nevi’im
Kethuvim

Question 16

What is the Torah?

Answer 16

The first five books of the Hebrew Bible - the Law

Question 17

What is the Pentateuch?

Answer 17

The name for the Torah in the Christian Protestant Bible

Question 18

What is the Nevi’im?

Answer 18

The second collection of books in the Hebrew Bible - the Prophets

Question 19

What are the books of the Torah?

Answer 19

Genesis, 
Exodus, 
Leviticus,
Numbers,
Deutoronomy

Question 20

What are the books of the Nevi’im?

Answer 20

4 books of the former prophets:
Joshua, 
Judges, 
Samuel (1 and 2)
Kings (1 and 2)
4 books of the latter prophets:
Isaiah, 
Jeremiah,
Ezekiel,
and the 12 minor prophets
Hosea,
Joel,
Amos,
Obadiah
Jonah,
Micah, 
Nahum,
Habakkuk,
Zephania,
Haggai,
Zecharia,
Malachai

Question 21

What is the Kethuvim?

Answer 21

The third collection of books in the Hebrew Bible - the Writings

Question 22

What are the books of the Kethuvim?

Answer 22

11 books:
Psalms,
Proverbs,
Job,
Song of Songs (or Canticles)
Ruth
Lamentations
Ecclesiastes (Qoheleth)
Esther,
Daniel,
Ezra - Nehemiah,
Chronicles (1 and 2)

Question 23

Which 2nd century Christian thought Christians should reject the OT entirely?

Answer 23

Mercion

Question 24

What is the Hebrew Bible?

Answer 24

The canon of Bible texts written in Hebrew (and a little Aramaic)

Question 25

What is the Leningrad Codex?

Answer 25

Oldest known complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible using the Masoretic text almost a thousand years after the canon was fixed (1008 CE)

Question 26

What is the Aleppo Codex?

Answer 26

Codex that’s older than the Leningrad Codex, using the Masoretic text but not as complete, almost a thougsand years after the canon was fixed (935 CE)

Question 27

What is the Masoretic text?

Answer 27

The authoratative Hebrew/Aramaic text of the TaNaK. Masoretes were charged with copying and preserving the Hebrew Bible. After a new copy was complete, the older one was destroyed, so there are few copies

Question 28

When was the earliest Hebrew canon established?

Answer 28

70 CE

Question 29

What is the Latin Vulgate?

Answer 29

A Latin translation of the Hebrew Bible completed by Jerome around 400 CE using the Hebrew text. Very influential, but Greek still prevailed

Question 30

Are the Protestant Christian Bibles based in Greek or Hebrew texts?

Answer 30

Hebrew (a change from the Christian Bibles until the Reformation which were based on the Greek. Martin Luther advocated a return to the Hebrew)

Question 31

What is the Septuagint?

Answer 31

LXX - Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible created to support the Jews living in exile in Northern Africa. Almost all early Christians would have been familiar with the Septuagint.

Question 32

What is the legend of the Septuagint/origin of the name?

Answer 32

70 scribes were tasked with creating a Greek translation and they all went off on their own to create the work, when they were finished, all copies were the same.
In reality there were 72 scribes, and there were differences.

Question 33

How does the Septuagint end?

Answer 33

With the minor prophets - Malachai, and Elijah-like figure pointing the way to a Messiah

Question 34

How does the Hebrew Bible end?

Answer 34

With the book of Chronicles - “let them go up to the temple,” the hope that everyone in the diaspora will someday return to the land.

Question 35

What is the first Christian affirmation about Jesus?

Answer 35

“Jesus Christ is Lord”

Question 36

What does Yehoshua/Yeshua mean?

Answer 36

YHWH saves or YHWH is salvation

Question 37

Completion of the second temple

Answer 37

515 BCE