week 1 -- Respiratory

Question 1

positioning for thoracentesis

Answer 1

sitting upright w arms & shoulders raised

*1L of fluid removed at a time

Question 2

HCO3 (bicarb) range

Answer 2

21 to 28 mmHg

Question 3

PACO2 range

Answer 3

35 to 45 mmHg

Question 4

normal pH range

Answer 4

7.35 to 7.45

Question 5

PAO2 range

Answer 5

80 to 100mmHg

Question 6

SaO2 range

Answer 6

95% to 100 %

Question 7

pulmonary function tests measure

Answer 7

lung function and breathing difficulty

Question 8

before a pulmonary function test the patient should be told not to…

Answer 8

no inhaler & no tobacco 6 to 8 hrs before

Question 9

normal findings after a bronchoscopy

Answer 9

blood tinged sputum
dry non productive cough
sore throat

Question 10

most important assessment after bronchoscopy

Answer 10

gag reflex

Question 11

equipment to have when provider is performing a thoracentesis

Answer 11

oxygen equipment
pulse ox
sterile dressing

Question 12

how much oxygen does room air provide

Answer 12

21%

Question 13

FiO2

Answer 13

fraction of inspired oxygen – estimation of the oxygen content a person inhales

Question 14

early findings of hypoxemia / hypoxia

Answer 14

TACHY–pnea/cardia
restlessness
hypertension
pale skin

distress signs – nasal flaring, use of acsessory muscles

Question 15

late findings of hypoxemia / hypoxia

Answer 15

BRADY–pnea/cardia
cyanoisis
confusion
stupor
hypotension
cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 16

manifestations of hypercarbia (too much CO2)

Answer 16

headache
restlessness
hypertension

Question 17

positioning for maximum ventilation

Answer 17

Fowlers or Semi-Fowlers

Question 18

s/s of oxygen toxicity

Answer 18

n/v
headache
hypoventilation
nasal stuffiness
cough
fatigue
sore throat
substernal pain

Question 19

purpose of the cuff on an endotracheal tube

Answer 19

forms a seal & for proper placement

**patient cannot talk

Question 20

low pressure alarms are bc of

Answer 20

LEAKS***
disconnection
cuff leak
tube displacement

Question 21

high pressure alarms are bc of

Answer 21

*BLOCKAGE OF AIRFLOW
coughing
biting
kink in the tube
mucus plug
excess secretions
pulmonary edema
bronchospasm
pneumothorax

fighting the ventilator

Question 22

bedside essentials w ventilator

Answer 22

resuscitation bag – ambu bag

Question 23

high peep can cause

Answer 23

pneumothorax from barotrauma

**high peep = high pressure

Question 24

complications w ventilation

Answer 24

hypotension
high peep
low o2

Question 25

Vt on ventilator

Answer 25

TIDAL VOLUME = volume of air to be delivered w each breath

*500 to 800 ml

Question 26

fRR on ventilator

Answer 26

of breaths per minute - respiratory rate
**12-20

Question 27

Fi02

Answer 27

oxygen concentration
*35 to 100% – higher the percentage, the more severe the patient

Question 28

peep

Answer 28

positive end expiratory pressure

keeps alveoli open w (+) pressure @ the END of a respiration – pushes 02 & expels CO2

can cause barotrauma & pneumothorax

Question 29

long term ventilation can cause

Answer 29

GI ulcers – PPI

Question 30

neuromuscular blocking agents

Answer 30

paralyze muscles but DO NOT sedate or relieve pain
**vecuronium
–NIUM