Week 1 Rash Flashcards

1
Q

What does SOS stand for?

A

S - sign/symptom
O - organ system
S - science

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2
Q

Differentiate between a symptom and a sign.

A

Symptom - chief complaint or concern patient verbalizes (ex. pain)
Sign - observed physical exam finding by provider (ex. tenderness)

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3
Q

What is the “science” when examining a patient?

A

the pathophysiology, i.e. how disease/injury affects the body (ex. Parkinson’s leads to death of dopaminergic neurons)

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4
Q

As clinicians, ________________is the major skill you will use in making a correct diagnosis.

A

Visual inspection

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5
Q

What do the 4 C’s stand for?

A

Capture
Connect
Consider
Conclude

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6
Q

The patient informs you that they have diagnosed pneumonia from an x-ray. Is this a symptom or a sign?

A

Until you physically have a copy of the x-ray and review it yourself, this is a symptom because it is just something the patient is telling you. It is subjective.

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7
Q

Pain. Sign or symptom?

A

Symptom

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8
Q

Tenderness. Sign or symptom?

A

Sign

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9
Q

Weight gain/loss. Sign or symptom?

A

Can be both

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10
Q

Swelling/edema. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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11
Q

Cut or abrasion. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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12
Q

Pink eye (conjunctivitis). Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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13
Q

Insect bite. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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14
Q

Fever/pyrexia. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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15
Q

Burn. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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16
Q

Cough. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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17
Q

Wheezing. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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18
Q

Shortness of breath. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

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19
Q

Scar. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

20
Q

Height and weight. Sign or symptom?

A

Both

21
Q

What is a SOAP note and what the acronym stand for?

A

health provider’s documented notes on a patient for their chart

Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan

22
Q

Describe the component of a SOAP note.

A

Subjective - what the patient tells you
Objective - what you detect during exam
Assessment - diagnoses
Plan - treatment or recommendations

23
Q

What do HPI and OLDCARTS stand for?

A

History of present illness

Onset
Location
Duration
Character
Aggravating factors
Relieving/radiating factors
Timing
Severity

24
Q

What does FIFE stand for?

A

Feelings
Ideas
Function
Expectations

25
Q

Good/normal or bad/abnormal sign/symptom?
1. Negative fever
2. Negative heart murmur
3. Negative bowel sounds
4. Negative pupillary constriction with light
5. Positive tenderness to palpation

A
  1. Good
  2. Good
  3. Bad
  4. Bad
  5. Good
26
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of an allergic reaction?

A

Vasodilation, permeability changes, visceral smooth muscle contraction, mucous secretory gland stimulation, and tissue inflammation

27
Q

What is the etiology of an allergic reaction?

A

IgE antibodies occupy receptor sites on mast cells and within minutes after exposure to allergen, a multivalent agent links adjacent IgE molecules which activates and leads to degranulation of mast cells

28
Q

What is the route of transmission of an allergic reaction?

A

Nontransmissable

29
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of herpes zoster?

A

Fever, malaise, pruritic, pain, lesions that are maculopapular > vesicles > pustules > crusted

30
Q

What is the etiology of herpes zoster?

A

Varicella-zoster virus

31
Q

What is the route of transmission of herpes zoster?

A

Respiratory secretions or contact with fluid from vesicles

32
Q

How is dormant varicella-zoster virus reactivated?

A

From cranial nerve sensory ganglia and spinal dorsal root ganglia

33
Q

This differential has lesions in all different stages of development at once.

A

Herpes zoster

34
Q

This differential’s rash is usually unilateral and does not cross into other dermatomes

A

Herpes zoster

35
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of tinea corporis?

A

ring-shaped lesions with an advancing scaly border and central clearing, scaly patches with distinct border, itching, burning, stinging, superficial cracks, macerated skin in web spaces, and/or annular lesions with central clearing and scaly patches with a distinct border

36
Q

What is the etiology of tinea corporis?

A

Various types of fungal organisms

37
Q

What is the route of transmission of tinea corporis?

A

direct contact

38
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of eczema?

A

Pruritic, macular and/or papular rash with a distinct presentation in different ages and races, intermittent exacerbations with familial, environmental, and emotional components

39
Q

What is the etiology of eczema?

A

Increased skin sensitivity and characteristic manifestations

40
Q

What is the route of transmission of eczema?

A

Non-transmissible

41
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of cancer?

A

Red or purple plaques or nodules on skin or mucous membranes (occurs largely in homosexual men with HIV infection as an AIDS-defining illness)

42
Q

What is the etiology of skin cancer?

A

Herpes virus 8 (HHV-8)

43
Q

What is the route of transmission of skin cancer?

A

Saliva and other bodily fluids passed that contain herpes virus 8 (HHV-8)

44
Q

What does the review of systems (ROS) do?

A

It summarizes all the symptoms that may have been overlooked in the chief complaint or HIP in terms of body systems

45
Q

What does the past history include?

A

Pertinent negative associated and positive associated symptoms, negative non-symptom data, past med history, past social history, family history, and social history