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Pharm Level 2 > Week 1 Proficiency Exam > Flashcards

Week 1 Proficiency Exam Flashcards

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Certified Sommelier Exam (CMS 2) flashcards
1
Q

Albuterol

A
  • treats asthma & COPD
  • short acting (residue medication)
  • can be administered by metered-dose inhalers (MDI) or by nebulizers
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2
Q

Alprazolam (xanax)

A
  • treats anxiety and panic disorder
  • treats episodes on an as needed basis (PRN)
  • adverse effects: CNS depression
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3
Q

Benztropine (Cogentin)

A

An anticholinergic drug used to treat Parkinsons disease

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4
Q

Donepezil (Aricept)

A

Improved cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimers disease

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5
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

A
  • Diuretic
  • monitor: BP, I&O, daily weight
  • administer in morning
  • can cause hypokalemia (<3.5mEq/L)
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6
Q

Hydrocodone (Lortab)

A
  • moderate to strong opioid agonist
  • can cause respiratory depression, constipation, urinary retention
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7
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

A
  • strong opioid agonist
  • 7 - 10 on pain scale
  • adverse effects: respiratory depression, constipation, urinary retention
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8
Q

Insulin

A
  • only NPH insulin is appropriate for mixing with rapid/short acting insulin
  • know which drug has a rapid regular, intermediate, and long-acting onset/duration
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9
Q

Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)

A
  • adverse effects: persistent, dry & nonproductive cough - inform HCP, first-dose hypotension
  • treats hypertension, heart failure
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10
Q

Lithium Carbonate (Eskalith)

A
  • drug of choice for controlling acute manic episodes in pts with BPD and for long-term prophylaxis against recurrence of mania or depression
  • signs of toxicity: serious ECG changes, severe hypotension, coma, death
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11
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Treats: alcohol withdrawal, or anesthesia induction (amnesia)

  • decreases risk of seizures in alcoholic pts
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12
Q

Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH, Lovenox)

A
  • given sub-Q ; do not express the bubble prior to administration
  • in event of overdose, give protamine sulfate
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13
Q

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

A
  • C. Diff (bactorial infections)
  • infusions must be done slowly (over a 1-hour span)
  • leaves metallic taste in mouth
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14
Q

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

A
  • hypertension
  • can cause rebound cardiac excitation following abrupt withdrawal
  • assess HR and BP before administering
  • if HR <60 or <90/60 hold medicine and notify HCP
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15
Q

Morphine sulfate

A
  • strong opioid analgesics
  • can cause respiratory depression, constipation, urinary retention
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16
Q

Nifedipine (Adalat CC, procardia)

A
  • treats hypertension
  • withhold if HR less than 60 and SBP<90
  • high risk of falls
17
Q

Pantoprazole (Protonix)

A
  • used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  • pts may have increased risk of pneumonia due to elevation of gastric pH
  • long-term therapy may pose a risk hypocalcemia as well as osteoporosis and fractures
18
Q

Paroxetine (Paxil)

A
  • treats major depression — obsessive-compulsive disorder — post-traumatic stress disorder
  • monitor for hypotension, dizziness, drowsiness
19
Q

Prednisolone (Prednisone)

A
  • produce anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects
  • in high doses they are used to treat asthma or rheumotoid arthritis
  • contraindicated for patients with systemic fungal infections and for those receiving live virus vaccines
  • can increase plasma glucose levels - watch for hyperglycemia
  • monitor pts for signs and symptoms of fluid retention
  • monitor s/s of infections and notify HCP (healthcare provider)
20
Q

Quetiapine (Seroquel)

A

Indicated for
- schizophrenia
- Major depression
- manic episodes for bipolar pts, with acute episodes of mania

21
Q

Risperidone (Risperdal)

A

Indications
- autism spectrum disorder in children

  • for geriatric pts with depression, risperdal increases risk for stroke and death from cardiac events
22
Q

Simvastatin (Zocor)

A

Adverse effects
- muscle pain/weakness, hepatotoxicity

  • monitor for Rhabdomyolysis - Muscle pain, increased Creatine kinase levels
  • monitor LFT’s
23
Q

Valproic Acid (Depakote)

A

Indications
- Major seizure types
- migraine headache
- bipolar disorder

  • Monitor blood levels of medication
24
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

A

Indications: Major depression

Adverse effects
- anorexia
- insomnia
- weight loss

25
Q

Warfarin (coumadin) - Oral

A

Adverse effects
- hemorrhage, antidote - Vit. K

  • maintainence: (coumadin clinic)
  • eat a steady amount of vitamin K rich foods
  • contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation

Pharm Level 2 (2 decks)

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