Week 1 - Principles of Evidence-Based Practice I Flashcards
What is the Scientist-practitioner model?
Integrative approach to science and practise.
Science & practise inform each other
bridge between experimental and applied psychology
Provide a brief overview of the social context that the SP model has it origins in.
Clinical psychology in the 20th Century
Testing (mental/intelligence) became popular due to WW1.
Psychoanalysis was on the rise
Problems with shell shock from WW1+2 veterans
What are some keys points surrounding the APA and the inclusion of clinical psychology
eg (when joined? was it wholly accepted?….)
Clinical psychology joined the apa in 1912 but withdrew as it was at odds with the ethos and was not believed to be based on actual evidence.
Most treatment was psychoanalytic or random therapy
1944 APA accepted clinical psychology (credentialing & taring)
1949 - Boulder committee - create curriculum for S-P integration into applied training.
What were some training recommendations around the integration of the SP approach into Clinical psychology
Assessment - Improve accuracy & reliability of diagnostic procedures
Understanding of human behaviour - better etiology, formulation & theory
Intervention - better treatment
Research - Include research in clinical psychologists
What were some practise recommendations around the integration of the SP approach into Clinical psychology
Scientific methodology
Use valid methods, tools and techniques
Ensure clients are informed of the science behind findings and problems
CONDUCT PRACTISE-BASED RESEARCH
Why use the SP approach?
Are we using effective treatments?
Think Eysenck and his critique of psychoanalysis
Merits of the SP Model?
Critical thinking - Enables understanding of research findings to best serve clients
Evidence for the treatments and interventions
Avoid harm by using valid treatments
Criticisms of the SP Model
applied work could be incompatible with scientific work
few clinicians publish so research skills wasted
SP model does not produce scientist-practitioners
What is an alternative model to the SP model?
Practitioner-scholar model.
Taught to be producers of small-scale clinical science.
Use theory/assessment/treatment where it exists.
If this does not exist, apply scientific methods and generate hypothesis.
Ideas generated from the need to improve existing assessment/treatment.
What is evidence based practise?
Evidence-based practice is the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values
Why use EBP?
Health care is a constantly growing and vast field. Ensures you have the tools to remain up to date and do not accept shoddy practise
What are the 5 A’s in EBP?
Ask the right question. Access relevant evidence. Appraise the evidence. Apply the evidence (e.g., intervention, assessment tool) Assess its effectiveness.
What does PICO stand for
Population/Patient/Problem
Intervention (Exposure in PECO)
Comparison
Outcome
What types of evidence are there and what is the best?
Systematic reviews and meta-analysis (best)
Randomised Controlled Trials:
Case control studies
Cohort studies:
what was the boulder committee and when
1949 - committee designed to create the curriculum for clinical psychology using the sp model
