Week 1 - Neuro anatomy Flashcards
Cerebrum
what you picture for “brain”
largest part of the brain
divided by deep grooves (2 halves)
two halves communicate with each other
cerebral cortex
gray matter, outter most layer of brain
corpus callosom
thick track of nerves at base of fissures
how the hemispheres communicate
fissure
deep grooves
divide brain into hemispheres
messages to and from the body and the brain are handled by …
Opposite sides (left vs right)
Frontal lobe
located in front of the central sulcus
deals with:
executive function, reasoning, planning, organization, problem solving, emotion regulation, impulse control, sustained attention, short term memory, parts of speech/language, and motor movement
Central Sulcus
thick band that separates the frontal and parietal lobes
Parietal Lobe
located below the lateral fissure
concerned with: perception and processing of sensory information –> auditory stimuli (hearing) and memory (hippocampus), taste, pain, texture, and temp.
Temporal Lobe
located behind the central sulcus
hearing, language, memory, emotion
Broca’s area
located towards frontal lobe
Wernicke’s area
located towards the temporal lobe (behind Brocas)
Occipital Lobe
Located at the back of the brain –> behind temporal and parietal lobe
understanding and processing visual images and connecting them to the images stored in memory (why we can recognize images when we see them)
also visual-motor planning
Cerebellum
combines sensory information from the eyes, ears, and muscles to help coordinate movement
brainstem
links brain to the spinal cord
Vital to life: heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and sleep
Limbic system (midbrain)
thalamus
hypothalamus
hippocampus
basil ganglia
amygdala
Thalamus
“gate keeper” for messages passed between the spinal cord and the cerebrum
all info from senses travels through it before being sent to “brain” to interpret
“relay station”
Hypothalamus
controls emotions, regulates body temp, and controls functions such as eating or sleeping
hippocampus
sends memories to be stored in ares of cerebrum and also recalls memories later on
Basil Ganglia
processes information on movement and then has the brain tell you the best possible response to a given situation;
if someone throws a ball up –> you catch it
if someone kicks a ball to you –> you kick it back
(which action to respond to movement)
Amygdala
mediates aspects of emotion and memory;
used to only be thought to be involved in fear and unpleasant emotions; but now we know that it is also associated with positive emotions elicited by rewarding stimuli
