WEEK 1 (L1:W1) VOLCANO

Question 1

An opening in the earth’s crust from which lava, ash, and hot gases flow or are ejected during an eruption. A usually cone-shaped mountain formed by the materials issuing from such an opening.

Answer 1

VOLCANO

Question 2

• A basin-like depression over a vent at the summit of the cone and also known as the mouth of a volcano.
• mouth or the opening of the volcano.

Answer 2

CRATER

Question 3

It is the opening through which eruption takes place.

Answer 3

VENT

Question 4

channel or pipe conveying liquid materials such as magma.

Answer 4

CONDUIT

Question 5

a hot fluid or semi-fluid material below or within the earth’s crust that is usually from molten rocks inside the earth.

Answer 5

MAGMA

Question 6

The rock or magma is expelled from a volcano during an eruption.

Answer 6

LAVA

Question 7

dependent on the plates which from the top layer on the mantle

Answer 7

FORMATION BY SUBDUCTION

Question 8

region of high volcanic activity not located at any plate boundary

Answer 8

HOTSPOT

Question 9

are volcanoes that are not currently active, but may be either dormant or extinct or of otherwise uncertain inactive volcanic status

Answer 9

INACTIVE VOLCANOES

Question 10

• currently active if it is eruption lava, releasing gas or generating seismic activity.
• labelled dormant if it has not erupted for a long time but could erupt again in the future

Answer 10

ACTIVE VOLCANOES

Question 11

• It has a broad, gently sloping landform built by many layers of low-viscous lava flows which cannot be filed up into steep mounds.
• non-explosive eruptions, fluid basaltic lava, gentle broad slopes.
• over multiple eruptions, long, fluid lava flows from broad layers, which accumulate into some of the world’s
  largest volcanoes.

Answer 11

SHIELD VOLCANOES

Question 12

• A type of volcano that has a steep conical hill formed above a vent that is composed mostly of basalt
• explosive eruptions, small but steep slopes, pyroclastics.

Answer 12

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

Question 13

• Is one constructed of alternating layers of pyroclastic materials and solidified lava flows.
• high silica content

Answer 13

COMPOSITE VOLCANO

Question 14

It is a volcanic crater that is formed when a part of the wall of the crater collapses following an explosive eruption.

Answer 14

CALDERA

Question 15

it is a stream-driven eruption as the hot rocks come in contact with water

Answer 15

PHREATIC

Question 16

It is a violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma resulting in a violent fine ash eruption

Answer 16

PHREATOMAGNETIC

Question 17

It is a period of weak to violent eruption characterized by fountain lava.

Answer 17

STROMBOLIAN

Question 18

It is characterized by a tall eruption that reaches up to 20km high with pyroclastic flow and ashfall tephra

Answer 18

VOLCANIAN ERUPTION

Question 19

Considered the most explosive and powerful of all eruption

It is an excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics.

Answer 19

PLINIAN