Week 1 Introduction to massage

Question 1

therapeutic effects of massage

Answer 1

• fluid exchange –> decrease swelling, increase circulation
• increase circulation in immobile limbs
• reduce muscle spasm and tone
• increase general tissue flexibility
• stimulate the nervous system, encourage sensory recovery
• remodelling of connective tissue

Question 2

contraindications to massage 禁忌

Answer 2

• open wound
• bleeding
• early stages of healing
• acute inflammation
• over suspected Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
• infection
  undiagnosed cancer and swelling
• fracture
• fever

深部靜脈血栓（DVT）是指體內（通常是腿部）一條或多條深層靜脈出現血塊。深部靜脈血栓會引起腿部疼痛或腫脹。有時沒有明顯症狀

Question 3

precautions of massage 注意事項

Answer 3

• unstable joint
• varicose veins 靜脈曲張
• sensory impairment
• early pregnancy
• full stomach

Question 4

procedure of massage

Answer 4

§ Interview the
– What is the reason they require massage?
– Assess indications and contraindications
§ Describe the process to patient
§ Gain informed consent
§ Expose area
§ Position with consideration for comfort (for physiotherapist and client), therapeutic effect and dignity
§ Monitor visually and verbally

Question 5

risk assessment of massage

Answer 5

• expose area so can see skin
• ensure good set up of your body position

Question 6

before starting massage

Answer 6

• wash hands
• nails are short
• no jewellery
• keep hair of therapist and client out of way
• choose massage medium (oil, power, lanolin)
• communication

Question 7

4 massage techniques

Answer 7

1. effleurage (stroking)
2. petrissage (knead)
3. tapotement (drum)
4. frictions

Question 8

aims of effleurage (stroking)

handling:
sweeping movements
lift hands and reposition for next stroke

Answer 8

• induce 促使 relaxation and reduce tension
• reduce pain
• improve circulation
• move sewlling/ oedema

Question 9

aims of petrissage

Answer 9

• improves venous and lymphatic return
• aid fluid movement
• increase mobility & extensibility of muscle and subcutaneous tissues
• to improve tissue interface mobility

Question 10

4 types of petrissage

Answer 10

kneading
wringing
rolling
picking up

Question 11

handling of petrissage: kneading

Answer 11

• one or both hands
• compress skin and tissue
• move in circular motion

Question 12

handling of petrissage: wringing

Answer 12

• finger pads or whole hands
• compress tissues
• twist the tissues

Question 13

handling of petrissage: rolling

Answer 13

• small muscles with pads of fingers
• large muscles with whole hands

Question 14

handling of petrissage: picking up

Answer 14

• one hand or two
• scoop tissue, lift and gently compress
• drive with heel of hand (not just fingers)
• palm and fingers in contact
• take to tissue end feel

Question 15

aims of tapotement

Answer 15

• stimulate local circulation
• improve muscle tone
• general stimulatory effect

Question 16

3 types of tapotement

Answer 16

clapping
hacking
pounding

Question 17

handling of tapetement: clapping

Answer 17

• cup the hand
• hands relaxed
• losse wrists
• air trapped between hands and skins should make a hollow sound

Question 18

handling of tapetement: hacking

Answer 18

• short, sharp, soft blows with medial border of hand and fingers
• rapid and light
• supination and pronation of forearms
• wrists extended and fingers relaxed

Question 19

handling of tapetement: pounding

Answer 19

• short, sharp, soft blows with medial side of loosely clenched fist
  -** fingers flexed into loose fits**

Question 20

aims of frictions

handling:
small localised movement
uses thumb pad/ finger pads
no/ minimal medium
no glide on skin
monitor pain

Answer 20

• **increase local circulation **
• increase reabsorption of metabolites
  – decrease pain
  – stretches fibrous tissue (mobilise scar tissue)
  – Mobilise consolidated oedema

Question 21

other techniques

Answer 21

1. Myofascial Release
   § Deep stroking technique
   § Slow sustained pressure
   § Use to stretch the non contractile elements of the muscle
   § Use heel of hands / sides of the hands
2. Trigger Point Therapy
   § Palpable taut bands of Muscle & Connective Tissue
   § Can refer pain
   § Sustained pressure by fingers
   or thumbs
   § decreases pain, increases circulation, increases function