Week 1 Introduction to brain anatomy

Question 1

What is Epithelium

Answer 1

Epithelium – a tissue that lines the external and internal surfaces, including internal cavities and organs and other free open surfaces of the body, of all animals and their immaturedeveloping form

Question 2

What is Ectoderm

Answer 2

Ectoderm – the outer germ layer of the embryo whose derivatives include skin and nervous system.

Question 3

What is Mesoderm

Answer 3

Mesoderm – the middle germ layer of the embryo whose derivatives include muscle and bone.

Question 4

What is Endordem

Answer 4

Endoderm – the inner germ layer whose derivatives include the digestive and respiratory system

Question 5

What is gastrulation

Answer 5

Gastrulation – the process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the movement of cells from the outer surface of the embryo to its inside, forming the primitive gut.

Question 6

What is germ Layer

Answer 6

Germ layers – the three cellular layers into which the embryos of animals differentiate: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm

Question 7

What is Central Nervous System

Answer 7

Central nervous system (CNS) – the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 8

What is Peripheral nervous system

Answer 8

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) – the part of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord linking the CNS and the rest of the body

Question 9

What is Anterior

Answer 9

Anterior – the end of the embryo where the head forms; means the same as rostral

Question 10

What is Posterior

Answer 10

Posterior – toward the tail end of an embryo; means the same as caudal.

Question 11

What is Rostral

Answer 11

Rostral – the end of the embryo where the head forms; means the same as anterior.

Question 12

What is Caudal

Answer 12

Caudal – toward the tail end of an embryo; means the same as posterior.

Question 13

What is Dorsal

Answer 13

Dorsal – the back of an organ, embryo or adult organism; where the spinal cord develops invertebrates; opposite ofventral

Question 14

What is Ventral

Answer 14

Ventral – the side of an embryo or adult organism towards the chest; opposite of dorsal.

Question 15

What is Medial

Answer 15

Medial – towards the midline of an embryo perpendicular to its rostrocaudal and dorsoventral axes; opposite of lateral

Question 16

What is Lateral

Answer 16

Lateral – away from the midline of an embryo perpendicular to its rostrocaudal and dorsoventral axes; opposite of medial.

Question 17

What is Blastomere

Answer 17

Blastomere – any of the cells resulting from the first few cleavages of a fertilized egg during early embryonic development.

Question 18

What is Epidermis

Answer 18

Epidermis – the outermost layers of cells covering the exterior body surface.

Question 19

What is Blastoderm

Answer 19

Blastoderm – the superficial layer of the early embryo in species whose eggs contain relatively large amounts of yolk; cell division occurs in this layer, which surrounds the yolk in insects but is a flat disc at one pole of the egg in birds.

Question 20

What is a neural tube

Answer 20

Neural tube – a tube of ectodermal tissue in the embryo from which the brain and spinal cord develop.

Question 21

What is Neurulation

Answer 21

Neurulation – the process by which the neural tube is formed.

Question 22

What is Epithelium

Answer 22

Epithelium – a tissue that lines the external and internal surfaces, including internal cavities and organs and other free open surfaces of the body, of all animals and their immature developing forms.