Week 1: Introduction + Hydrostatic Pressure Flashcards
What is a Fluid?
A fluid is a substance that deforms continuously or flows when subject to shear stresses.
Define a Solid, Liquid and Gas
-Solid=rigid + fixed volume and shape
-Liquid=not rigid + no fixed shape + fixed volume
-Gas=not rigid + no fixed shape + no fixed volume
What is Fluid Mechanics?
Fluid Mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids and the forces on them. It can be divided into fluid statics and fluid dynamics.
What is Fluid Statics?
Fluid Statics is the study of fluids at rest.
What is Fluid Dynamiccs?
Fluid dynamics is the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion.
What is Hydraulics?
Hydraulics is the branch of science and technology that concerns the conveyance of liquids through pipes and channels to understand and control the occurrence, movement and use of water.
What is Density and how do you calculate it?
Density is the ration of the mass to the volume. Density = mass /volume (kg/m^3)
What is the Specific Gravity and how do you calculate it?
The specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of water. Density of fluid/Density of water.
What is Pressure and how do you calculate it?
Pressure is the continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it. Pressure = Force/Area.
What is the Absolute Pressure?
Absolute Pressure is the pressure zero-referenced to a perfect vacuum. So it is equal to the ambient pressure plus the gauge pressure at any given location.
What is the Gauge Pressure
Gauge Pressure measures the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. It equals absolute pressure minus atmospheric pressure.
What is a Piezometer?
An instrument for measuring the pressure of a liquid or gas and is often placed in boreholes to monitor pressure or depth of ground water.
