Week 1 Intro to Community Health Nursing

Question 1

Johari Window (qualities and values)

Answer 1

Open Area: known to others and self

Blind Area: others see but we are unaware of

Hidden Area: we know but hide from others

Unknown Area: neither we ourselves nor others know

Question 2

Community Health Nursing

Answer 2

-Works with people, where they live, work, learn, worship, and play to promote health

Question 3

Who does CHN Work With?

Answer 3

CHN work with the client to identify their barriers to health with them

Question 4

What Does the Client Mean?

Answer 4

The client means individual, families, groups, communities, populations, and systems

Question 5

How Does CHN View Health?

Answer 5

View health as a dynamic process of physical, mental, spiritual, and social well being and as resource for everyday life that is influenced by circumstances, beliefs, and determinants of health

Question 6

3 Areas of nursing that CHN encompasses

Answer 6

-Health Promotion
-Illness prevention
-Health Maintenance
-Building social and community support for health

Question 7

Unique Characteristics of CHN Process

Answer 7

CHNs promote, protect & preserve the health of individuals, families, groups, communities, populations

Wherever people live, work, learn, worship and play

In a continuous versus episodic process

Question 8

Unique Characteristics of CHN

Answer 8

-Work at a high level of autonomy
-View health as a resource and focus on capacities
-Marshal resources to support health by coordinating care and plan nursing services, programs and policies
-Have a unique understanding of the influence of the environmental context of health
-Build partnerships based on primary health care principles, caring and empowerment
-Combine specialized nursing, social and public health science with experiential knowledge

Question 9

Blueprint for Action

Answer 9

-Released in 2011

-Provides a framework for ongoing dialogue on the development of community health nursing practice in Canada

-The purpose is to inform decisions about CHN practice and promote and protect the health of Canadians

-Standards are used by employers, to implement professional development programs, inform educational curricula and guide research

Question 10

Nursing Values

Answer 10

-Providing safe, competent, ethical care

-Promote health and well being

-Promote and respect informed decision making

-Preserving dignity

-Maintaining privacy and confidentiality

-Promoting justice

-Being accountable

Question 11

Community Health Nursing Standard Of Practice

Answer 11

-Defines the practice of a registered nurse in the speciality area of community health nursing

-They build on the generic practice expectations and identify the practice principles and variations specific to CHN

Question 12

List Standard of Practice

Answer 12

1. Health promotion
2. Prevention and health protection
3. Health maintenance, restoration, palliation
4. Capacity building
5. Professional relationships
6. Health Equity
7. Evidenced informed practice
8. Professional responsibility and accountability

Question 13

Canadian Community Health Nursing Professional Practice Model

Answer 13

Standards #4,5,6,7,8 help to achieve #1,2 & 3

Question 14

The Five Ottawa Charter Health Promotion Strategies

Answer 14

1. Building healthy, public policy
2. Create supportive environments
3. Strengthen community action
   4.Develop personal skills
4. Reorient health services

Question 15

Standard 1: Health Promotion

Answer 15

Community health nurses integrate health promotion into practice

Example: Work with a community to advocate for a smoke-free town or municipality

Question 16

Standard 2: Prevention/Protection

Answer 16

Use the socio-ecological model to integrate prevention and health protection activities into practice.
Actions are implemented in accordance with government legislation and nursing standards to minimize the occurrence of disease/injuries

Example: Participate in surveillance, recognize trends in epidemiology data use for health education, screening, immunization, and communicable disease control and management

Work with a parents organization and the police to promote proper installation of car seats through the media and conduct clinics to provide one to one assessment and teaching

Question 17

Standard 3: Health Maintenance, Restoration, Palliation

Answer 17

Focus is on maintaining maximum function, improving health, and supporting life transitions including acute, chronic, terminal illness, end of life

Example: holistically assess the health status, and functional competence of the client within the context of their environment, social supports, and life transitions

PHN provide DOT for people with TB in their living arrangement

Question 18

Standard 4: Professional Relationships

Answer 18

With with others to establish, build and nurture professional and therapeutic relationships. Recognize own personal beliefs, attitudes, assumptions, feelings, values

Establish a therapeutic working relationship with multigenerational families, and families that have young children to have health family outcomes

Establish interprofessional relationships (key informants, stakeholders)

Question 19

Standard 5: Capacity Building

Answer 19

Partner with the client to promote capacity. Recognize barriers to health and to mobilize and build on existing strengths. Enhance client’s ability to recognize strengths, challenges, causal factors, resource availability that impacts health

Example: Work as a partner with a Health Action Team in a high school to mobilize students, parents, teachers to identify the school communities strengths and needs, prioritize, plan, implement, evaluate the growing vaping behaviour among youth

Question 20

Standard 6: Health Equity

Answer 20

Recognize the impact of determinants of health and incorporate actions to their practice such as advocating for healthy public policy.
Advance health equity at an individual and societal level
Assess how determinants of health influence the client’s health status with particular attention to clients who are marginalized

Example: PHNs identify that smoking cessation messaging is not culturally safe nor considerate of Indigenous realities and cultures. Include the Indigenous people to begin a community consultation process

Question 21

Definition of Health Equity

Answer 21

All people have a fair and equitable chance to reach to their full health potential and are not disadvantaged by social, economic, attitudinal, policy, and environmental conditions

Question 22

Standard 7: Evidence Informed Practice

Answer 22

Use best evidence to guide nursing practice and support clients in making informed decisions

Example: PHNs complete a rapid review to find the best evidence to guide planning for a new program for school age children related to physical literacy

Question 23

Standard 8: Professional Responsibility and Accountability

Answer 23

Demonstrate professional responsibility and accountability as a fundamental component of their autonomous practice

Example: A PHN is assigned to work in a needle exchange program based on harm reduction. He has difficulty accepting the tenets of harm reduction and uses reflective practice personally and with his supervisor to understand and change his assumptions.

Question 24

Why do the CHN Standards Matter?

Answer 24

Inspire excellence

Foundation for Certification

Set criteria and expectations for safe and ethical care

Define the scope and depth of practice

Support human resource management

Strengthen education and professional development

Question 25

Using the Standards of Practice

Answer 25

Nurses
-Guide and evaluate practice

Nursing Educators
-In course curricula to prepare new graduates for practice in community settings

Nursing Administrators
-Direct policy and guide performance expectations

-Nurse Researchers
Guide the development of knowledge specific to community health nursing