week 1: human & the microbial world Flashcards
who are the 3 scientists that disapproves the idea of spontaneous generation?
Francesso Redi, Louis Pasteur, John Tyndall
what are the scientific methods to prove something?
- make an observation
- draw a conclusion
- design experiments to test the hypothesis
- develop a testable explanation -> hypothesis
- do the experiment, collect and analyse data
what is a scientific theory?
an explanation supported by a large amount of evidence
what are the benefits of micro-organisms in humans?
- nitrogen fixation
- oxygen production
- degradation of materials (cellulose, sewage, wastewater)
what is the beneficial microbes called?
normal microbiodata / flora
what does the beneficial microbes do?
- prevent diseases by competing with pathogens
- development of immune system response
- aids in digestion
what does pathogens do?
cause diseases and damage body tissues which will result in disease symptoms
how does microorganism help the environment?
- recycling of nutrients
- oxygen production through photosynthesis
- nitrogen fixation
- decomposers of material
what are the applications of microbiology?
food production, biodegradation, biotechnology, genetic engineering
how to name the scientific names?
- Genus (capitalised) followed by species (not capitalised)
- the names must be underlined
describe domain bacteria
- single-celled prokaryotes
- DNA in nucleiod
- no membrane-bound nucleus
- many move using flagella
describe domain archaea
- prokaryotic
- multiply via binary fission
- rigid cell walls
- may move via flagella
- similar shapes, sizes & appearance to bacteria
what can emerging diseases result in?
- increase travel and immigration
- changes in population
- chronic diseases may be caused by bacteria
