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SUMMER 2024: Radiographic Equipment > Week 1 Homework > Flashcards

Week 1 Homework Flashcards

1
Q

What is the minification gain for an image intensification tube with an input screen diameter of 9 inches and an output screen diameter of 1 inch?

a. 9
b. 81
c. 27
d. 18

A

b. 81

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2
Q

What is the Brightness Gain for an image intensifier with a 9” input phosphor, 1” output phosphor, and a flux gain of 80?

a. 720
b. 81
c. 6,480
d. 11,520

A

c. 6,480

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3
Q

With image intensified fluoroscopy, there is a reduction of brightness seen at the periphery of the image because objects positioned furthest from the center of the input phosphor are inherently unfocused. This type of distortion is called:

a. lens coupling
b. vignetting (pincusion distortion)
c. modution transfer function (MTF)
d. last image hold

A

b. vignetting (pincusion distortion)

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4
Q

Internal scatter radiation in the form of x-rays, electrons, and light, can reduce the contrast of image intensifiers through a process called:

a. vignetting (pincusion distortion)
b. modulation transfer function (MTF)
c. veiling glare
d. last image hold

A

c. veiling glare

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5
Q

Electrons hit the _______________ after passing through the anode.

a. Photocathode
b. Focusing lens
c. Output phosphor
d. Tube housing

A

c. Output phosphor

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6
Q

The photocathode responds to the light produced at the input phosphor by emitting electrons through a process called:

a. photoemission
b. veling glare
c. brightness gain
d. thermionic emission

A

a. photoemission

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7
Q

Fluoroscopy allows for continuous imaging of a patient’s internal structures. If the radiologist observes something during a fluoroscopic exam and would like to preserve that image for further study, what type of image can be taken?

a. Flat Plate
b. Topogram
c. Spot Film
d. KUB

A

c. Spot Film

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8
Q

The photocathode is a thin metal layer bonded directly to the input phosphor and is composed of a photoemissive material called:

a. Zinc-Cadmium Sulfide
b. Calcium Tungstate
c. Barium Strontium Sulfate
d. Cesium and Antimony

A

d. Cesium and Antimony

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9
Q

The ____________________ in the image intensifier emits electrons when it is stimulated by light photons.

a. Electron gun
b. Output phosphor
c. Photocathode
d. Input phosphor

A

c. Photocathode

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10
Q

Regardless of part thickness, part composition, and collimation, Automatic Brightness Control (ABC) maintains brightness of the image by varying:

a. Monitor settings
b. Anode voltage
c. Collimation
d. kVp and/or mA

A

d. kVp and/or mA

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11
Q

Electrostatic lenses are used to accelerate and focus:

a. Electrons
b. Light photons
c. Scatter photons
d. X-ray photons

A

a. Electrons

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12
Q

Depending on patient size, part thickness, or pathologies present inside the patient, image brightness during a fluoroscopic exam is maintained by automatically varying the kVp and/or mA by this feature:

a. automatic brightness control (ABC)
b. minification gain
c. flux gain
d. photoemission

A

a. automatic brightness control (ABC)

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13
Q

The biggest disadvantage of using magnification during image intensified fluoroscopic imaging is:

a. Increased patient dose
b. Decreased spatial resolution
c. Decreased contrast resolution
d. Increased quantum mottle

A

a. Increased patient dose

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14
Q

The output phosphor of the image intensifier is composed of _________________.

a. Graphite
b. Crystallized Silicon
c. Silver-Activated Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
d. Cesium iodide

A

c. Silver-Activated Zinc Cadmium Sulfide

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15
Q

Most image intensifiers are of the multifield type which allow for image magnification (example a common trifield tube is 25/17/12 cm). The numeric dimensions refer to the _____________ of the image intensifier (II).

a. electrostatic lenses
b. output phosphor
c. input phosphor
d. photocathode

A

c. input phosphor

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16
Q

During Fluoroscopy, the SOD on a fixed unit cannot be less than ______________ inches.

a. 20 in (50 cm)
b. 40 in (100 cm)
c. 15 in (38 cm)
d. 12 in (30 cm)

A

c. 15 in (38 cm)

17
Q

The number of light photons emitted within the image intensifier is _______________ to the amount of x-ray photons exiting the patient.

a. Directly proportional
b. Unrelated
c. Inversely proportional
d. Unequal

A

a. Directly proportional

18
Q

X-rays that exit the patient and enter the image intensifier first interact with the:

a. Photocathode
b. Anode
c. Input Phosphor
d. Output phosphor

A

c. Input Phosphor

19
Q

The input phosphor on an image intensifier is made of:

a. Sodium-Activated Cesium Iodide
b. Barium Strontium-Sulfate
c. Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
d. Molybdenum

A

a. Sodium-Activated Cesium Iodide

20
Q

What is the magnification factor for an image viewed with an image intensification tube with an input screen diameter of 9 inches that is using a 3-inch diameter area during magnification?

a. 6.0
b. 27
c. 3.0
d. 4.1

A

c. 3.0

21
Q

The input phosphor of the image intensifier converts _______________ to _______________.

a. Light, electrons
b. X-rays, light
c. X-rays, electrons
d. Electrons, light

A

b. X-rays, light

22
Q

With the image intensifier, viewing the fluoroscopic image in magnification mode increases __________________.

a. Contrast resolution
b. Spatial resolution
c. Patient Dose
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

23
Q

In order to magnify an image during a fluoroscopic exam, the voltage to the _______________ must be increased.

a. Input Phosphor
b. Output Phosphor
c. Anode
d. Electrostatic Lens

A

d. Electrostatic Lens

24
Q

The output phosphor absorbs ______________ and emits ______________.

a. X-ray photons, light photons
b. Light photons, x-ray photons
c. Electrons, light photons
d. Light photons, electrons

A

c. Electrons, light photons

25
Q

Depending on the equipment type, light emitted from the output phosphor of an image intensifier can be collected and converted to an electronic signal by the:

a. charge-coupled device (CCD)
b. anode
c. electrostatic lenses
d. television camera

A

a & d
(charge-coupled device CCD & television camera)

SUMMER 2024: Radiographic Equipment (11 decks)

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