Week 1 - History and Development of Control Systems Flashcards
What are control systems composed of?
Subsystems and processes (or plants) assembled for obtaining a desired output with desired performance, given a specified input.
Name three examples of control systems.
- Household thermostats
- Industrial automation systems
- Autopilot in aircraft
What is one advantage of control systems?
- Power amplification
- Remote control
- Convenience of input form
- Compensation for disturbances
In which industries are control systems crucial?
- Manufacturing
- Aerospace
- Automotive
- Process control
What has driven the evolution of control systems?
Advancements in technology, mathematics, and computing.
What are the three main components of control systems?
- Sensors
- Controllers
- Actuators
What distinguishes open-loop systems from closed-loop systems?
Open-loop systems have output that does not affect the input, while closed-loop systems use feedback to adjust the input.
What is the importance of stability in control systems?
Ensures that a system returns to a steady state after disturbances, preventing erratic behavior.
List three methods for stability analysis.
- Bode plots
- Nyquist plots
- Root locus diagrams
What metrics are used for performance evaluation in control systems?
- Rise time
- Settling time
- Overshoot
- Steady-state error
What do robust control strategies ensure?
Stability and performance even when system parameters vary or are uncertain.
What is the purpose of identifying system objectives?
Clearly defining what the control system needs to achieve in terms of stability, performance, and robustness.
Fill in the blank: Adaptive control systems modify their behavior based on _______.
[real-time observations]
What mathematical models are used to represent the dynamics of a system?
- Differential equations
- Transfer functions
- State-space models
What are PID controllers known for?
Their simplicity and effectiveness.
Name two software tools for system simulation.
- MATLAB/Simulink
- Python with control libraries
What are the primary objectives of control systems analysis and design?
- Producing the desired transient response
- Reducing steady state errors
- Achieving stability
What does the transient response affect in a control system?
The speed of the system, human patience, comfort, and mechanical stress.
What is the first step in the design of a control system?
Determine a physical system and specifications from requirement.
What is the purpose of reducing a block diagram in control system design?
To analyze and design the system to meet specified requirements and specifications.
