Week 1 - Growth Issues in Childhood

Question 1

What are the four sub-groups of osteochondroses? (Osteo-bone, chrondro-cartilage, oses-syndromes)

Answer 1

1. Non-articular traction - pulling on the bone (4)
2. Articular subchonrdal - Bone is crushed at the joint (4)
3. Articular chrondral - Splitting - a small piece of bone starts to separate/split off due to lack of blood supply (1)
4. Physeal - problems with the growth plate (2)

Question 2

Name the types of Non-articular traction diseases.

Answer 2

1. Osgood-Schlatters - tibial tuberosity
2. Sinding-Larsen-Johansson’s - Inferior pole of the patella
3. Sever’s Disease - Traction of achilles on calcaneus
4. Iselin’s Disease - 5th metatarsal

Question 3

Name the types of articular sub-chondral diseases.

Answer 3

1. Perthe’s Legg-Calve Disease - crushing of femoral head
2. Kohler’s disease - navicular bone
3. Freiberg’s disease - 2nd metatarsal
4. Kienbock’s - lunate (older, 18-24)

Question 4

Name the types of articular chondral diseases.

Answer 4

Only osteochondritis dessicans. Can occur in medial femoral condyle (young boys), capitellum or talar dome.

Question 5

Name the physeal diseases.

Answer 5

1. Scheuermann’s - Juveline wedging of (thoracic) vertebrae.

2. Blount’s disease - bowing of lower leg due to problem with tibia

Question 6

What is a common cause of hip pain in children?

Answer 6

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis. The growth plates of the femoral physis become weak and slip. Can be acute, acute-on-chronic or chronic.
-Very common in USA, to obese children

Question 7

What are the three types of scoliosis?

Answer 7

Idiopathic adolescent (80% of all cases)
Neuromuscular
Congenital