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Ultrasound physics 1 > Week 1 exam > Flashcards

Week 1 exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Sound can travel through all of the following except:

A

A vacuum

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2
Q

An interaction of echoes that leads to reinforcement rather that to partial or total cancellation is known as:

A

Constructive interference

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3
Q

On a diagram of a waveform, the peak above the baseline represents

A

Compression

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4
Q

When you switch from a 2.5 MHz to a 5 MHz transducer, the sound wavelength:

A

halves

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5
Q

The amount of a space within a specific boundary defines:

A

area

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6
Q

What sound parameter is determined only by the medium?

A

Propagation speed

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7
Q

If the frequency is increased, the __ will be __

A

velocity; unchanged

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8
Q

A wave vibration at 20 cycles per second has a frequency of:

A

20 Hz

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9
Q

For every increase of one in the powers of ten, the decimal point:

A

shifts one space to the right

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10
Q

Which of the following is required for the answer to a numerical question to be comprehensive?

A

Units

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11
Q

Proportionally related means:

A

two items are related, but the relationship is not specific

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12
Q

Density is defined as:

A

mass per unit of volume

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13
Q

How would the number 0.000001 be represented using scientific notation?

A

1.0x10^-6

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14
Q

Which prefix equals 10^-3

A

milli

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15
Q

Which of the following represents the number 1234 in scientific notation?

A

1.234x10^3

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16
Q

Sound waves can go through a vacuum if the amplification is high enough

A

false

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17
Q

The term compression zone describes a region of ___ in the medium, which is subjected to an ultrasound field

A

increased molecular density

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18
Q

The definition of period of a wave cycle is

A

time for one complete cycle to occur

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19
Q

Which of the following tissues are in order of propagation speed from fastest to slowest?

A

bone, blood, lung

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20
Q

Ultrasound waves are best described as:

A

high-frequency longitudinal mechanical waves

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21
Q

In scientific notation, a number with positive exponent has a value:

A

greater than one

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22
Q

When waves combine to form a single wave of less amplitude, it is called:

A

destructive interference

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23
Q

If the period decreases, the wavelength

A

decreases

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24
Q

The sound wave from which frequency transducer travel faster in soft tissue?

A

they all travel the same speed

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25
Q

As frequency increases,

A

propagation speed does not change

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26
Q

Directly related means:

A

when one item increases or decreases, the second item responds the same direction

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27
Q

The formula for intensity is

A

1 = power/area

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28
Q

10^-3 equals:

A

1/1000

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29
Q

What would the following sequence be in scientific notation? Milli, Kilo, Mega, Centi?

A

10^-3, 10^3, 10^6, 10^-2

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30
Q

Waves transfer ___ from one location to another

A

energy

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31
Q

What term is the reciprocal of Mega?

A

micro

32
Q

Which are appropriate complementary units

A

mega and micro

32
Q

Which of the following acoustic variables will change due to sound travel through a medium?

A

pressure

33
Q

The positive half of a pressure wave corresponds to:

A

compression

34
Q

Which of the following best equates to the value 7,500,000 Hz?

A

7.5 MHz

35
Q

Two waves arrive at a location at the same time. What event takes place?

A

interference

36
Q

Which of the following is not an acoustic parameter?

A

pressure

37
Q

What does compression and rarefaction change in the medium?

A

density

38
Q

Which of the following is NOT the average value for propagation speed

A

1.54 mm/s

38
Q

If the power is doubled, and the area remains the same, intensity is ___

A

doubled

39
Q

Two quantities are proportional if an increase in one quality leads to a/an ___ in the other

A

increase

40
Q

Circumferences are usually measured in:

A

cm

41
Q

Which of the following is defined as force per unit area?

A

pressure

42
Q

Bulk modulus is closely related to which of the following qualities?

A

stiffness

43
Q

Which has the slowest propagation speed?

A

lung

44
Q

If the power of a wave is increased by a factor of 10, what happens to the intensity of the wave?

A

it increases by a factor of 10

45
Q

If the period of a wave is increased by a factor of 2, what happens to the propagation velocity?

A

propagation velocity remains unchanged

46
Q

Intensity can be adjusted by the sonographer

A

true

47
Q

Which of the following bests describes ultrasound?

A

A mechanical vibration transmitted through a medium as a longitudinal wave

48
Q

Characteristics & features describing an ultrasound wave include:

A

Compression/ rarefraction
longitudinal
mechanical

49
Q

The number 10^3 is the same as:

A

one thousand

50
Q

Which sound waves are audible?

A

10 kHz

51
Q

Which of these ranges of frequencies would be considered for diagnostic ultrasound?

A

4 to 10 MHz

52
Q

If the propagation speed increases, with ___ stiffness

A

increased

53
Q

The maximum cyclical variation or change in a quantity of an acoustic variable, such as pressure, is known as___

A

amplitude

54
Q

The highest level of concentration of molecules in a wave is called

A

compression

55
Q

If the frequency of a sound wave is 5 Hz, the period will be:

A

1/5 second

56
Q

As sound travels through a medium, what term describes the effects of the medium on the sound wave?

A

Acoustic propagation properties

57
Q

Which of the following is equivalent to the prefix giga?

A

109

58
Q

The speed of sound traveling through soft tissue is:

A

1540 m/s

59
Q

A sonographer measures the perimeter of an anatomical structure. Which of the following choices is a reasonable value for the measurement?

A

15 mm

60
Q

If the amplitude of a wave doubles, the intensity will:

A

quadruple

61
Q

If transducer frequency remains constant but wavelength was shown to increase, which of the following is correct?

A

propagation velocity increased

62
Q

The formula for wavelength is

A

propagation speed / frequency

63
Q

Which of the following correctly defines acoustic frequency?

A

number of cycles in a second

64
Q

If frequency increases, wavelength

A

decreases

65
Q

Which of the following terms does not belong with the others?

A

wider molecular spacing

66
Q

What happens to the frequency of a sound wave if the wavelength is increased by a factor of 5?

A

frequency decreases by a factor of 5

67
Q

If two variables are inversely proportional, if one decreased by a factor of 5, then the other

A

increased by a factor of 5

68
Q

Density and propagation speed are

A

inversely related

69
Q

Diagnostic frequencies range between:

A

2.0 and 15.0 MHz

70
Q

If the ares is doubled, and the power remains the same, intensity is ___

A

halved

71
Q

Volume has which of the following units

A

Cm^3

72
Q

Inversely related means:

A

items are related as that the change in one creates an opposite change in the other

73
Q

Which of the following best describes direction of motion of the particles in a sound wave?

A

particle motion is parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling

Ultrasound physics 1 (1 decks)

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