Week 1 Content Flashcards
What does anatomy refer to?
Structure
What does physiolgoy refer to?
Function
What are the six levels of structural organisation in the human body? (in order from smallest to largest)
Chemical level < Cellular level < tissue level < organ level < organ system level < organismal level
What is an organ system?
Organs that work together to accomplish a specific function
What are the structures of the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
What are the functions of the Integumentary System?
Protects against environmental hazards, regulation of body temperature, provides sensory information
What are the structures of the Skeletal System?
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
Supports and protects other tissues, stores calcium and other minerals, formation of blood cells
What are the structures of the lymphatic system?
Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes and tonsils
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
Defends against infection and disease, returns tissue fluid to the blood stream
What are the structures of the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine tissues in other systems
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy use, controls structural and functional changes during development
What are the structures of the cardiovascular system?
Heart, blood, blood vessels
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy use, controls structural and functional changes during development
What are the structures within the reproductive system?
Gonads, reproductive tracts, mammary glands
What are the functions of the reproductive system?
Produce sex cells, produce hormones, support developing embryo, provide milk for newborn
What are the structures of the respiratory system?
Nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
Delivers air to alveoli, provides oxygen to bloodstream, removes carbon dioxide from bloodstream, produces sounds
What are the structures of the muscular system?
Skeletal muscles, tendons
What are the functions of the muscular system?
Movement, protection and support from other tissues, generates heat
What is the structure of the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs
What are the functions of the nervous system?
Directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinates activities of other organ systems, provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions.
What are the structures of the digestive system?
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What are the functions of the digestive system?
Processes and digests food, absorbs and conserves water, absorbs nutrients, stores energy reserves?
What is the structure of the urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
What are the functions of the urinary system?
Excretes waste products from blood, controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced, stores urine prior to elimination, regulates blood ion concentration and pH
