Week 1 Communication Flashcards
Sense of mutuality
Describes how the patient-nurse relationship is an equal partnership
Intrapersonal communication
“self talk” that can build or destroy a mood or self-esteem
Interpersonal communication
Most of our communication; the teach back method is valuable here
Small group communication
Often outcome motivated
Public communication
For an audience or conference
Circular transactional model
Each person is a sender and receiver of messages that are triggered by referents and sent through channels which can be altered with feedback; interpersonal variables affect the perception of messages
Complementary communicators
One person is in an elevated position over the other (nurse and patient)
Symmetric communicators
Both communicators are in equal positions
Referent
Cue for communication (ex: patient wants pain meds)
Communication channel
Method through which communication is sent; voice, facial expressions, etc
Elements of verbal communication
Slang, connotative vs denotative, pacing, intonation, clarity, timing and relevance
Connotative meaning
An alternate meaning (ex: vagrant and homeless have the same meaning but vagrant has a much more negative connotation)
Pacing
speed and pauses of a conversation
Elements of nonverbal communication
Appearance, gait, posture, facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, sounds
Zones of space
Distance from a person and what it implies
Intimate zone of space
0-18 inches
Personal zone of space
18-40 inches
Social distance zone of space
4-12 feet
Public Distance zone of space
12+ feet
social zone of touch
head, arm, back, shoulder
consent zone of touch
wrist, feet, mouth
vulnerable zone of touch
face, neck, front of body
intimate zone of touch
peri area
Metacommunication
all factors that influence communication
Phases of the helping relationship
Preinteraction, Orientation, Working phase, Termination
Preinteraction
Before meeting the patient - anticipate concerns, review data, plan time with client
Orientation
Set tone, observe and assess, clarify roles, form judgements
Working phase
Take action, therapeutic communication, help patients express their feelings
Termination
Separate and provide a smooth transition
Narrative interactions
Sharing stories
SACCIA
Used in bedside handoff - sufficiency, accuracy, clarity, contextualization, interpersonal adaptation
Lateral violence
Workplace bullying
AIDET
Communication with patient families - acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explain, thank you
Therapeutic Communication
Communication as nurses that is patient-centered and aimed at helping them
Keys traits of therapeutic communication
Active listening (“I statements”), asking open-ended questions, humor, touch
Nontherapeutic communication
Asking why questions, false reassurance, generalized responses, passive aggressive, arguing, automatic responses, giving person opinions
ABCs of communication
Attend mindfully, behave calmly, communicate clearly
Factors affecting nurse-patient interactions
Developmental stage, proxemics, culture, distractions, values, roles, congruence, environment
Communication techniques with hearing impairment
Minimize background noise, check for hearing aids, speak clearly, use written board, speak in low tone
Communication techniques with visual impairment
Well lit room, describe hazards, speak before touching, keep glasses, braille
Communication with impaired consciousness
physical touch, still talk, speak before touch, OBSERVE FOR GRIMACING AND PAIN
Communication with dementia patients
reminisce with patient, distract with tasks, gain insight into life habits and patterns
Goal of the nurse
Promote positive change and growth related to health outcomes
Key of health promotion
Goal/patient-centered care
Motivational interviewing
Person-centered focus, encourages ind to share thoughts, opinions, beliefs, nonjudgemenal, strength-focused to change their behavior
SBAR
Situation, background, assessment, recommendation
Elements of professional communication
Firmly state case, clarify message, seek feedback and be receptive, be courteous, USE NAMES
Compensation
using individual abilities or strengths to overcome feelings of inadequacy
Denial
refusing to admit the reality of the situation
Displacement
Transferring emotional energy away from an actual source of stress to an unrelated person or object
Introjection
Taking on certain characteristics of another individual’s personality
Projection
Attributing undesirable feelings to another person
Rationalization
Denying true motives for an action by identifying a more socially acceptable explanation
Regression
Reverting to behavioral consistent with earlier stages of development
Repression
storing Painful or hostile feelings in the unconscious, causing them to be “forgotten”
suppression
choosing not to think consciously about unpleasant feelings (this is the only defense mechanism that is not unconscious)
Sublimination
rechanneling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities
