Week 1: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION & CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Question 1

It is is a chemical compound found in living organisms.

Answer 1

BIOMOLECULES

Question 2

What are the 2 classifications of biomolecules?

Answer 2

1. BIOMACROMOLECULES

2. MOLECULAR WEIGHT MOLECULES

Question 3

All biomolecules are produced in living cells under mild chemical conditions of _________, _______ and ___.

Answer 3

TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, and pH

Question 4

Biomacromolecules are built up from simple building block molecules by ___________ forms usually with the elimination of ______.

Answer 4

COVALENT BONDS, WATER

Question 5

Biomolecules are continuously ____________ and __________ in a highly regulated manner.

Answer 5

SYNTHESIZED, DEGRADED

Question 6

What force holds atoms together within a molecule?

Answer 6

INTRAMOLECULAR FORCE OF ATTRACTION

Question 7

What force exists between molecules?

Answer 7

INTERMOLECULAR FORCE OF ATTRACTION

Question 8

It is a particular group of atoms in a particular building arrangement.

Answer 8

FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

Question 9

Functional groups*

What are hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds between neighboring carbon atoms

Answer 9

ALKENES

Question 10

Functional groups*

It contains one or more triple bonds between neighboring carbon atoms.

Answer 10

ALKYNES

Question 11

Functional groups*

It contains only carbon and hydrogen is an aromatic ring which is a six-carbon ring with alternating double bonds.

Answer 11

AROMATICS

Question 12

The letter R is used in molecular structures to represent the “________________”

Answer 12

REST OF THE MOLECULE

Question 13

Functional groups*

What functional group involves an oxygen atom that is bonded to one hydrogen atom and one carbon atom.

Answer 13

ALCOHOLS

Question 14

In a primary alcohol, the carbon bonded directly to the oxygen atom is also bonded to exactly ____________, with the other bonds generally going to __________ atoms.

Answer 14

ONE CARBON ATOM, HYDROGEN

Question 15

In a secondary alcohol, the carbon is attached to _________________.

Answer 15

TWO OTHER CARBON ATOMS

Question 16

In a tertiary alcohol, the carbon is bonded to ____________________.

Answer 16

THREE OTHER CARBON ATOMS

Question 17

Functional groups*

It consists of an oxygen atom that forms single bonds with two carbon atoms.

Answer 17

ETHER

Question 18

It is the best known ether. It is widely used as a solvent and has been used as an inhalable anesthetic.

Answer 18

DIETHYL ETHER

Question 19

Functional groups*

It contains a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.

Answer 19

THIOL

Question 20

Functional groups*

It consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to some combination of carbons and hydrogens.

Answer 20

AMINES

Question 21

It is simply a carbon atom and an oxygen atom connected by a double bond. (C=O)

Answer 21

CARBONYL

Question 22

Functional groups*

It is a carbonyl in which the carbon atom is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.

Answer 22

ALDEHYDE

Question 23

Functional groups*

It involves a carbonyl (C=O) in which the carbon atom makes single bonds with two R -groups (ex CH2).

Answer 23

KETONE

Question 24

Functional groups*

It is a carbonyl-containing (C=O) functional group, in which the carbon atom is bonded to an OH group on one side and either a carbon or hydrogen atom on the other.

Answer 24

CARBOXYLIC ACID

Question 25

Functional groups*

It is similar to a carboxylic acid, in that it contains a carbonyl where the carbon is bonded to one additional oxygen atom and one carbon or hydrogen atom. However, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon instead of to an acidic hydrogen atom.

Answer 25

ESTERS

Question 26

Functional groups*

It is a carbonyl in which the carbon is attached to one nitrogen atom and one carbon or hydrogen atom.

Answer 26

AMIDES

Question 27

Functional groups*

It is also known as alkyl halides, are a group of chemical compounds composed of an alkane with one or more hydrogens replaced by a halogen atom (Group 17 atom)

Answer 27

HALOALKANES