Week 1 Ch 5,6,7,9,14 Flashcards
Personality
The sum of ways in which individual reacts and interacts with others
Heredity
Factors determined at conception; one’s biological, physiological, and inherent psychological makeup.
Personality traits
Enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
A personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into one of 16 personality types
Extraverted (E) verses Introverted (I)
Extraverted individuals are outgoing, sociable, and assertive. Introverts are quiet and shy
Sensing (S) verses Intuitive (N)
Sensing types are practical and prefer routine and order, and they focus on details. Intuitive a rely on unconscious process and look at the big picture
Thinking (T) verses Feeling (F)
Thinking types use reason and logic to handle problems. Feeling types rely on their personal values and emotions
Judging (J) verses Perceiving (P)
Judging types want control and prefer order and structure. Perceiving types are flexible and spontaneous
Big Five Model
A personality assessment model that describes five basic dimensions of personality
Conscientiousness, emotional stability, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness
Conscientiousness
A personality dimension that describes someone who is responsible, dependable, persistent, and organized
Emotional stability
A personality dimension that characterizes someone as a calm, self-confident, and secure (positive) verses nervous, depressed, and insecure (negative)
Extraversion
A personality dimension describing someone who is sociable, gregarious, and assertive
Openness to experience
A personality dimension that characterizes someone on terms of imagination, sensitivity, and curiosity
Agreeableness
A personality dimension that describes someone who is good natured, cooperative, and trusting
OCB
Organizational citizenship behaviors
CWB
Counterproductive work behaviors
Dark triad
A constellation of negative personality traits consisting of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy
Machiavellianism
The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means
Narcissism
The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and possess a sense of entitlement
Psychopathy
The tendency for lack of concern for others and a lack of guilt or remorse when actions cause harm
Core self-evaluation (CSE)
Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as a person
Self monitoring
A personality trait that measures an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors
Proactive personality
People who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs
Situational strength theory
A theory indicating the way personality translates into behavior on the strength of the situation
Trait activation theory (TAT)
A theory that predicts that some situations, events, or interventions “activate” a trait more than others
Values
Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable
To an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence
Value system
A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual’s value in terms of their intensity
Terminal values
Desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime
Instrumental values
Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving one’s terminal values
Personality-job fit theory
A theory that identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover
Person-fit organization
A theory that people are attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values, and leave when there is no compatibility
