Week 1: Aphasia Terminology and Considerations Flashcards
the loss of the ability to recognize objects, faces, voices, or places. It is a rare disorder
Agnosia
a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain, in which someone has difficulty with the motor planning to perform tasks or movements when asked, provided that the request or command is understood and he/she is willing to perform the task.
Apraxia
a form of aphasia in which the patient is unable to recall the names of everyday objects.
Anomia
: an acquired neurological disorder causing a loss in the ability to communicate through writing, either due to some form of motor dysfunction[1] or an inability to spell.The loss of writing ability may present with other language or neurological disorder
Agraphia
neurologic disorder marked by loss of the ability to understand written or printed language, usually resulting from a brain lesion or a congenital defect
Alexia
: a form of expressive aphasia that refers to the inability to speak in a grammatically correct fashion; omission of or inability to use function words
Agrammatism
form of aphasia characterized by the unintended substitution of an inappropriate phoneme substitution, addition or removal
Phonemic or Literal Paraphasia
form of aphasia characterized by a real word, usually related to the intended word.
Semantic or Verbal Paraphasia
invented word, sometimes used by individuals with aphasia
Neologism
unintelligible, meaningless, or incoherent speech (as that associated with Wernicke’s aphasia)
Jargon
conceptually inferior, automatic, highly learned speech
Subpropositional or verbal stereotypical speech
substitution of another word, phrase, gesture or use circumlocutions (i.e., they talk around or about the specific word)
Circumlocation
an impairment of language, affecting the production or
comprehension of speech and the ability
to read or write
Aphasia
3 Types of fluent aphasia
Conduction
Wernicke’s
Transcortical Sensory
Name the aphasia: fluent neologisms logorrhea lack of awareness of deficits jargon
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Name the aphasia:
fluent, but no excessive verbal production
impaired repetition of words and sentences
intact auditory comprehension
literal paraphasias
phonemic paraphasias
Conduction Aphasia
Name the aphasia: fluent well-articulated speech paraphasias neologisms repetition ability intact poor auditory comprehension
Transcortical Sensory Aphasia (TSA)
3 basic types of nonfluent aphasia
Broca’s
Transcortical Motor Aphasia
Global
Name the aphasia: non-fluent awkward articulation restricted vocabulary agrammatism intact auditory and reading comprehension
Broca’s Aphasia
Name the aphasia: non-fluent repetition intact phonemic and global paraphasias syntactic errors perseveration auditory comprehension intact
Transcortical Motor Aphasia (TMA)
Name the aphasia:
non-fluent
impaired linguistic comprehension and expression
very few utterances
restricted lexicon
considered combination of Wernike’s and Broca’s
Global Aphasia
Name the aphasia:
significant word retrieval problems
speech is generally fluent except for word-finding
grammar is intact
Anomic Aphasia
Name the aphasia:
communicative skills degenerate
deficits in language relative to cognitive ability
underlying etiology is typically a degenerative disease
Primary Progressive Aphasia
A deficit in reading ability
Alexia
A deficit in writing ability
Agraphia
Etiologies for Aphasia (other than stroke)
TBI Brain Surgery Infections Tumors Exposure to Neurotoxic Agents
Brain damage limited to the SMG results in what type of aphasia?
Conduction Aphasia
Brain damage in a large sector of the inferior frontal gyrus results in what type of aphasia?
Broca’s Aphasia
Brain damage around the temporal branches of the MCA result in what type of aphasia?
Wernicke’s Aphasia
A large infarct of the left MCA would result in what type of aphasia?
Global Aphasia
Small subcortical lesions in anterior watershed area results in what type of aphasia?
Transcortical Motor Aphasia
Language that involves encoding of a message that contains specific information in relation to believing, knowing, hoping, desiring, fearing, or remembering
Propositional Language
Speech-acts that include rote recitations of numbers, times, and dates, repetitions of filler words or phrases, conventional greetings, expletives and scripted questions
Non-propositional Language
