week 1- Anatomic and Physiologic Relationships within the Abdominopelvic Cavity Flashcards
peritoneal cavity
- includes: abdomen & pelvis
- lined with peritoneum serous membrane
2 layers of peritoneum
parietal: outer layer lines abdominal wall NOT covering organs
Visceral: inner layer, covers organs
Intraperitoneal organs (within parietal sac)
liver, gallbladder, spleen (except Hilum), stomach, majority of intestines, ovaries
Retroperitoneal (only anterior surface in contact with lining)
- Kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands
- pancreas
- Aorta and IVC
- bladder, uterus, prostate gland
- ascending and descening colon
- most of duodenum
Retroperitoneal “SAD PUCKER”
Suprarenal glands (adrenal glands) Aorta / IVC Duodenum (majority) Pancreas Ureters Colon (only ascending & descending) Kidneys Esophagus Rectum
9 abdominal regions (start at top R –> bottom L)
- Right hypochondrium
- Epigastrium
- L hypochondrium
- R lumbar
- umbilicus
- L lumbar
- R iliac fossa
- hypogastrium
- L iliac fossa
anterior / posterior
A= towards front of body P= towards back
Proximal / Distal
P=close to point of origin
D= farthest from point of origin
Superior / cranial
towards head / top
Inferior / caudal
towards feet / bottom
lateral / medial
L= far from midline M= close to midline
superficial / deep
S= close to surface D= far away from body surface
sagittal
cut body into L & R
transverse
cut body into top & bottom
coronal
cut body into anterior / posterior (front & back)
Echogenic
Bright
-producing echos
anechoic
Black
-no echos
Hypoechoic
darker than surrounding tissue
hyperechoic
lighter than surrounding tissue
isoechoic
similar echogenisity as surrounding tissue
homogeneous
similar echo pattern
heterogeneous
irregular/ mixed echo pattern
coarse
irregular/ non-uniform echotexture
structures that are anechoic
blood, bile, urine, cysts
