WEEK 1 - ADVANCE STUDY

Question 1

What is the Scientific Method?

Answer 1

The process of objectively identifying facts through testing and experimenting.

Question 2

List the steps of the Scientific Method.

Answer 2

1.) Make an observation/Ask a question.
2.) Gather background information.
3.) Create a hypothesis.
4.) Create a prediction/Perform a test.
5.) Analyze results and draw conclusion.
6.) Communicate results.

Question 3

Where can we use the Scientific Method?

Answer 3

Technology & computers, businesses, and research.

Question 4

Define Falsifiability.

Answer 4

Falsifiability states that the scientific method can only be used for testable phenomena.

Question 5

What are the basic principles of biology?

Answer 5

1.) Cell Theory
2.) Gene Theory
3.) Homeostasis
4.) Evolution Theory
5. Laws of Thermodynamics

Question 6

Define Cell Theory.

Answer 6

The cell theory implies that all living things are composed of cells.

Question 7

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 7

Cell

Question 8

Who proposed the cell theory in 1839?

Answer 8

Theodore Schwann

Question 9

It states that DNA is distributed between the cells during cell division.

Answer 9

Cell Theory

Question 10

The cell theory states that:

Answer 10

1.) All living organisms are made up of cells.
2.) Cells are the basic unit of life.
3.) Cells arise from pre-exististing cells.
4.) Hereditary information is based from cells.
5.) All cells have the basic chemical composition.
6.) Energy flow occurs within cells.

Question 11

Define Gene Theory.

Answer 11

The gene theory states that all the characters of living organisms are controlled or directed by genes.

Question 12

What are genes?

Answer 12

Genes are smaller part of DNA that are (based) passed down from parents to offspring.

Question 13

What does DNA do?

Answer 13

DNA possess instructions to encode a protein which in turn direct every action of the cell.

Question 14

Define Homeostasis.

Answer 14

Homeostasis means maintaining stability within the environment.

Question 15

What is the process in which organisms regulate their physiological processes to survive.

Answer 15

Homeostasis

Question 16

Who coined the term “homeostasis” in 1926?

Answer 16

Walter Cannon

Question 17

Where did the word “homeostasis” come from?

Answer 17

“Homoios” and “Histemi” which means similar and standing still.

Question 18

Define Evolution.

Answer 18

Evolution is the change of a living organism over some time.

Question 19

What is the purpose of evolution?

Answer 19

It aids organisms to adapt in different kinds of environment.

Question 20

It allows living organisms to survive and reproduce in any environment.

Answer 20

Adaptation

Question 21

Define Thermodynamics.

Answer 21

Thermodynamics is the science between temperature, work, heat, and energy

Question 22

It explains the energy charges within a particular system whether it can perform any beneficial work on its surroundings.

Answer 22

Law of Thermodynamics

Question 23

Define Thermal.

Answer 23

Thermal means heat - a form of energy obtained when a particular amount og mechanical energy is done.

Question 24

List the three laws of thermodynamics.

Answer 24

1.) Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.
2.) Within any particular system, the entropy always increases.
3.) The entropy of a system tends to move to a constant amount while its internal temperature approaches absolute zero.

Question 25

What are plants?

Answer 25

Plants are multicellular organisms that can make their own food through photosynthesis.

Question 26

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 26

The process wherein plants trap carbon dioxide to transform it into simple sugars with sunlight as catalyst and realse oxygen as byproduct.

Question 27

Define Autotrophs

Answer 27

Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food.

Question 28

Define Heterotrophs.

Answer 28

Heterotrophs cannot produce their own food so they need to consume other organisms to survive.

Question 29

What is a Eukaryotic Cell?

Answer 29

Eukaryotic cells have true nucleus and other organelles that perform specific function.

Question 30

Give any characteristic of a plant.

Answer 30

1.) Plants make nutrients like simple sugar from carbon dioxide and light energy.
2.) Plants are multicellular with eukaryotic cells.
3.) They have cell walls which contains cellulose and chloroplast.
4.) Its cells have a large vacuole that hold on watee and lets plant stay turgid.
5.) Most plants have phloem and xylem for food transportation.
6. Plants carry sexual and axesual reproduction.
7.) They contain carotenoids and chlorophyll which is responsible for their pigment.

Question 31

Differentiate sexual reproduction from asexual reproduction.

Answer 31

Sexual reproduction requires both gametes from parents; however asexual reproduction only requires a parent.

Question 32

Differentiate Haploid and Diploid.

Answer 32

Haploid is a cell that contains one set of chromosome; Diploid cells have two set of chromosome.

Question 33

Recite how a plant reproduce.

Answer 33

1.) Two haploid cells join to form a diploid zygote.
2.) The zygote undergo mitosis.
3.) It produces haploid spores.
4.) Germinates and form multicellular organisms.