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Microbio Lab > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

PPE

A

personal protective equipment

ex) lab coats, gloves, safety goggles, face mask, chem apron

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2
Q

Common types of microscopes

A

compound binocular light microscope

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3
Q

coccus

A

round

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4
Q

bacillus

A

rod

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5
Q

spirillum

A

spiral

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6
Q

aseptic technique

A

without contamination

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7
Q

inoculation

A

transfer of microbe from one medium to another

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8
Q

tool used for bacterial inoculation

A

wire loop

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9
Q

sterilized

A

free of any type of germs

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10
Q

how is a wire loop sterilized?

A

by passing through the flame of a bunsen burner until it is red hot

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11
Q

isolation streak plate

A

to separate individual bacteria from mixtures. so that individual colonies are achieved

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12
Q

bacterial colony

A

visible mass of microbes stemming from a single cell

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13
Q

staph—–

A

grape like clusters

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14
Q

strep

A

straight

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15
Q

bacterial smearing

A

a thin layer of bacteria placed on a slide for staining

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16
Q

electric charge on all biological membranes

A

net neg charge

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17
Q

what type os stains are mostly used for making bacterial staining?

A

basic stains w a net pos charge

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18
Q

3 broad categories for staining technique

A

1 simple
2 differential
3 structural

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19
Q

simple staining

A
  • uses only 1 dye/stain

- only allows for observation of shapes + arrangement

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20
Q

differential staining

A
  • type of staining that uses 2 or more stains

- allows for the ID of specific groups of organisms

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21
Q

Gram Staining is developed by ____

A

Christian Gram in late 1800’s

22
Q

Gram Staining

A

-differentiates bacteria based on their cell wall structure

gram pos/gram neg

23
Q

gram stain initial dye

A

crystal violet

24
Q

gram stain mordant

A

iodine helps binds the crystal violet more securely

25
Q

gram stain decolorizer

A

alcohol

-the differential step

26
Q

gram stain counter stain

A

safranin

27
Q

microbiome

A
  • genetic material of all the microbes - bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, and virus- that live on and inside the body.
  • microbiome is 200x the number of henes
28
Q

diseases linked w gut bacteria

A 
1 inflammatory bowel disease
2 irritable bowel syndrome
3 obesity
4 type 2 diabetes
5 cancer
29
Q

gelatin

A

water soluble protein (polypeptide) derived from collagen which is a component of connective tissue

30
Q

gelatinase

A

type of enzyme released by bacteria which digests/liquifies gelatin

31
Q

which species of staphylococci liquify gelatin?

A

staph aureus

32
Q

starch

A
  • abundant naturally occurring plant polysaccharide such as potato
  • mixture amylose + amylopectin which are both repeating units of glucose joined by glycosidic bonds
33
Q

glycosidic bonds

A

holds units of glucose together

34
Q

Amylase

A

enzyme released by bacteria that digests/hydrolyses starch

35
Q

what type of reagent will help ID starch hydrolysis in agar cultures?

A

Iodine

36
Q

Starch Hydrolysis in Agar Culture

A

iodine w starch turns black and blue

positive for amylase will show the medium did not change color/did not absorb iodine. the starch has been hydrolyzed

37
Q

catabolism

A

breakdown of macromolecule to their smaller units and release of energy

38
Q

phenol red broth

A

-medium that is commonly used to determine an organism’s ability to utilize a specific sugar

39
Q

phenol red broth experiment includes…

A 
1 Ph indicator phenol red
2 sugar of interest
3 salts
4 peptone (soluble protein)
5 Durham's tube
40
Q

Durham’s tube

A

inverted test tube for capturing any gas produced as a result of carb fermentation

41
Q

phenol red test results

A

red- neg for carb fermentation
yellow - positive for carb ferment
yellow+gas - pos carb Ferm + gas production

42
Q

5 steps of DNA purification

A 
1 extraction
2 lysate
3 protease
4 cold alcohol precipitation
5 make DNA less soluble
43
Q

protease

A

gets rid of protein

44
Q

lysate

A

dissolve cell membrane (detergent)

45
Q

makes DNA less soluble

A

salt

46
Q

DNA dogma

A

DNA is molecular blue print for any living thing

-genes gets copied to RNA and gets translated to proteins by RIBOSOMES

47
Q

genes

A
  • sections of dna

- dictates how amino acids need to combine to make proteins that build our body parts

48
Q

erythema/erythematous

A

redness of skin or mucuous membranes caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow)

49
Q

abscess

A

collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body

  • redness, pain, warmth, swelling
  • caused by bacterial infection
50
Q

infant botulism

A

unpasteurized honey

51
Q

what is the most commonly used disinfectant in lab?

A

70% alcohol

52
Q

which bacteria causes infant botulism?

A

spores of Clostridium botulinum

Microbio Lab (3 decks)

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