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Molecular Genetics > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

DNA Structure and Replications

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1
Q

A purine structure is the basic structure for which Bases?

A

Adenine and Guanine

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2
Q

A pyrimidine Structure is the basic Structure for which Bases?

A

Cytosine, Thymine and Uracil

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3
Q

Which two bases form a double hydrogen bond between them?

A

Adenine and Thymine

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4
Q

Which two bases form a triple hydrogen bond between them?

A

Guanine and Cytosine

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5
Q

What is the difference between a nucleotide and a Nucleoside?

A

A Nucleoside is a base attached to a sugar, whereas a Nucleotide is a base attached to sugar and a phosphate

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6
Q

Which carbon is the phosphate group attached to within a base?

A

5 prime carbon

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7
Q

Which carbon is the hydroxyl group attached to within a base?

A

3 prime carbon

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8
Q

What are the two strands of DNA held together by, and in which direction do the strands run in relation to one another?

A

Hydrogen Bonds, and they run antiparallel

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9
Q

How many bases does one turn of the helix contain?

A

10 bases

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10
Q

What molecules are responsible for ensuring DNA can fit within a eukaryotic nucleus?

A

Histone proteins

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11
Q

What is the Central Dogma of Microbiology?

A

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the two-step process, transcription and translation, by which the information in genes flows into proteins: DNA → RNA → protein.

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12
Q

What is the semi conservative model of DNA replication?

A

The production of 1 old strand of DNA (the original parent strand) and one newly synthesized complimentary strand.

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13
Q

Draw the basic structure of a deoxynucleotide. Indicate the position of the 3’ carbon and the 5’ carbon

A
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14
Q

Draw the Stucture of the base Adenine

A
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15
Q

Draw the Stucture of the base Thymine

A
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16
Q

Draw the Stucture of the base Guanine

A
17
Q

Draw the Stucture of the base Uracil

A
18
Q

Draw the Stucture of the base Cytosine

A
19
Q

State three requirements of DNA Polymerase for DNA synthesis to occur

A
  1. A single strand of DNA.
  2. Deoxynucleotide Triphosphate (dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP)
  3. A primer
20
Q

What is a phosphodiester bond?

A

The linkage between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the hydroxyl group of another nucleotide. When phosphodiester bonds form they undergo a condensation reaction (meaning water is produced as a by-product)

21
Q

Are histone proteins found in eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic cells?

A

Eukaryotic

Molecular Genetics (4 decks)

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