week 1 Flashcards
what is the simplest chemical unit of matter?
atoms
what is largest-atom/molecule/proton/neutron/electron
molecule
an atomic number represents what ?
protons in an atom
atoms with the same atomic number are grouped into?
elements
the mass number of an atom indicates the number of what?
protons and neutrons in nucleus
elements that have atoms with full electron shells are called?
inert
isotopes of oxygen has 8ps, 10n and 8e whats the mass number?
18
isotopes of an element difer in the number of protons/neutrons/electrons?
neutrons
what charge does an electron have?
negative
what charge does a proton have?
positive
what charge does a neutron have?
neutral
what are the 4 elements that make up 96% of the body’s mass
O, C, H, N
an atom os an element is distinguished from another atom of another elemnt by the number of what?
protons in nucleus
subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are?
electrons
what does a neutral atoms contain?
same amount of electrons and protons
electrons are what?
a-comprised majority of the mass of an atom b-located in the nucleus c- do not participate in the bonding of an atom d- the subatomic particle involved in bonding behaviour of atoms
d
what describes a protons?
a-negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals b-no charge, mass=1, found in nucleus c-positive charge, mass=1, found in nucleus d- none of the above
c
the mass number is what?
protons and neutrons in an atom
if the atomic number is 19 and mass number is 39 how many neutrons will the atom have?
20
energy is known as?
a- has mass b- the capacity to do work c- has weight d- takes u space
b
what is chemical energy?
a- moves matter b- results from position/movement of object c- form of potential energy within chemical bond d- is not important in physiological process
c
what is the bond that occurs in polar compounds like water?
hydrogen
what is the chemical bond where electrons are shared?
covalent
what is the volume of 1kg of water
litre
what kind of solution will cause lysis(breakdown) of red blood cells?
hypotonic
movement of a substance from high to low concertration
diffusion
what is the universal solvent throughout the body ?
water
what is a special form of diffusion where solute remains stationary and solvent moves from low to high solute concentration?
osmosis
a form of measurement of concentration based on the atomic weight of compound in grams
mole
2 or more different kinds of atoms chemically bond together
compound
one thousands of a gram
milligram
chemical bond formed by transfer of electrons resulting in a charge
ionic
what solutions causes crenation (crinkling) of red blood cells?
hypertonic
a solution that has large amounts of solute
concentrated
IV solutions that have same concentration of electrolytes as normal blood
isotonic
solution with small amount of solute in solution
dilute
1 x 10-6 gram
microgram
