Week 1 - 6 quiz Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is the CareerEDGE model ?

A

Career
Experience
Degree Subject Knowledge
Generic Skills
Emotional Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Different types of learning?

A

Associative learning
- Process of discovering relationships or associations between events

Non-associative learning

  • Habituation: become less sensitive to a stimulus due to repeated
    exposure
  • Sensitization: become more responsive to a stimulus in the environment
  • Both result in a change in strength of a response to a single stimulus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Operant behaviour?

A

Operates on the
environment (E) and is controlled by its
consequences

  • The role of reinforcement in learning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Think Pavlov’s dogs.

Classical conditioning is a behavioral procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus is paired with a previously neutral stimulus

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) - any stimulus that produces
a reflexive or innate response at the outset (i.e. without prior
learning)

Unconditioned response (UCR) - the reflexive / innate
response to the UCS

Conditioned stimulus (CS) - a stimulus, which after repeated
pairings with the UCS, comes to elicit the CR

Conditioned response (CR) - a response (similar to UCR),
now elicited by the CS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is behaviorism?

A
  • Emphasizes the environmental control of behaviour through learning
  • Proposes understanding behaviour in terms of associations formed between stimuli and responses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Aversion therapies?

A

Aversion therapy – attempts to condition an aversion towards a stimulus that elicits an unwanted response, by pairing it with an unpleasant UCS

• E.g. The drug ‘antabuse’ given to alcoholics which induces extreme nausea when they ingest alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Aversion therapies?

A

Aversion therapy – attempts to condition an aversion towards a stimulus that elicits an unwanted response, by pairing it with an unpleasant UCS

• E.g. The drug ‘antabuse’ given to alcoholics which induces extreme nausea when they ingest alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does PERMA stand for?

A

Positive
Engagement
Relationships
Meaning
Accomplishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Broaden and build theory?

A
  • Negative emotions can leave you with a narrow view on a situation
  • Broaden awareness that can allow you to broaden your approach
  • Broadening behaviour
  • Allow you to see other solutions/ engage on other activity etc.
  • Overall positive emotions makes it easier to navigate challenging situations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the main components in the Bio-psycho-social model and what is its use?

A
  • Biological
  • Psychological
  • Social

The biopsychosocial model is both a philosophy of clinical care and a practical clinical guide. Philosophically, it is a way of understanding how suffering, disease, and illness are affected by multiple levels of organization, from the societal to the molecular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Health Belief Model (HBM)

A
  • The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict health behaviors
  • It is a methodical tool that researchers or experts often use to determine or forecast human behaviors towards health.
  • This is done by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

There are six components of HBM. What are they?

A
  1. Perceived Susceptibility
  2. Perceived Severity
  3. Perceived benefits
  4. Perceived barriers
  5. Cues to Action
  6. Health motivation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the theory of planned behaviour and the main components?

A

The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) is a psychological theory that links beliefs to behaviour. The theory maintains that three core components, namely, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, together shape an individual’s behavioural intentions.

  • Attitude
  • Subjective norms
  • Perceived behavioural control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the stages of change model and its use?

A

Model of intentional change
• Distinguish between the stages of change in acquiring positive behaviour
or modifying problem behaviour
• Widely used as basis of health behaviour intervention: Personalization by
motivation level
• Application in smoking cessation, exercise, diet, weight management,
condom use, cancer screening

Stages:

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
(Relapse) If applicable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the behaviour change wheel?

A
  • The Behaviour Change Wheel is a powerful new tool for those designing and evaluating behaviour change interventions. By setting out a systematic method for understanding behaviour, and linking this understanding to techniques known to change behaviour in a clear and engaging format, this book gives practitioners and policy makers a scientific approach to designing interventions that are most likely to be effective
  • Its more of a framework
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Regarding Stress what is Hardiness?

A
  • Some people are more naturally resistant to stress
  • Are able to adapt better to stress
    It incorporates three elements:
  • Commitment – the tendency to see the world as interesting and meaningful
  • Control – belief that one has control or influence over events
  • Challenge – seeing change and new experiences as exciting opportunities to learn and develop
16
Q

What are the proposed three components of self-concept:

A
  • Self-image
  • Self-esteem
  • The ideal self

Psychological problems arise when there is incongruence between these aspects

17
Q

What is congruence?

A

Congruence - Authenticity, consistency between, people who are them self’s.

High Congruence – being more of your real self
Low Congruence – Pretending, trying to fit in, acting

18
Q

What is the Q sort and who developed this

A

The Q Sort is a therapy tool that consist of cards with self concepts on there such as creative, happy, outgoing etc. We then allocate where that card go on 2 scales. One being the congruent self and the other being ideal self. This the gives a perspective of what needs work.

  • Carl Rodgers developed this
19
Q

What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by American Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper “A Theory of Human Motivation” in the journal Psychological Review. Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans’ innate curiosity.

These happen in (relative) order – bottom to top
• Basic (survival/deficiency) needs = food, sleep, shelter
• Safety needs = security, stability
• Love/belonging = intimate relationships, friendships
• Esteem = achievement, recognition, pride
• Self-actualization = the highest state of human potential, being “all that you can be”

20
Q

What is Personal identity?

A

Can encompass self-concept and personality, but also skills, hobbies, individual characteristics like gender and class, as well as social roles.

21
Q

What is Social identity?

A

The portion of identity derived from being a member of a social group.

Good side of social identity

  • Chess club
  • Sports
  • Religion
  • School
  • Community services
  • Volunteers

Dark side to social identity

  • Gangs
  • Wars
  • Bad political agenda
  • Extremist
  • Racism
22
Q

What is Social Identity Theory ?

A

The theory aimed to illuminate both the cognitive processes that lead people to define their group memberships and the motivational processes that enable people to maintain positive social identity by favorably comparing their social group to other groups.