Week 1 Flashcards
Ovaries
Responsible for production of female gamete (egg/ovum).
Contains millions of follicles which develop into mature follicles each month and release an ovum.
Fallopian Tubes
Oviducts that receive ovulated octet and is site for fertilisation by sperm. Finger like projections (fimbriae) collect locate during ovulation and direct into Fallopian tubes.
Uterus
Located anterior to rectum and posterosuperior to bladder.
Site of implantation and development of the foetus.
Lined with endometrium that is released monthly as menstruation.
Cervix
Junction between vagina and uterus
Vagina
Posterior to the urethra
Female organ of compilation
Receiving chamber for sperm
passageway for delivery of baby and menstrual flow.
Mons Pubis
Fatty, rounded area anterior to pubic symphysis
Labia Majora
Two elongated flaps of skin covered with hair
homologous to scrotum
Sebaceous & sweat glands
Adipose connective tissue.
Labia Minora
Two flaps of hairless skin
located medial to labia Majora
Sebaceous glands
No adipose connective tissue
Clitoris
Cluster of highly sensory tissue
rich in sensory nerve endings sensitive to touch
Contributes to females sexual arousal.
Fertilisation occurs in?
The Fallopian tubes
Newly fertilised egg is called?
Zygote
Zygote develops into a ball of cells called?
Morula (3days)
The morula develops into a fluid-filled hollow ball of cells called?
Blastocyst (4-7days)
The blastocyst is?
The developmental stage able to implant into the endometrium of the uterus (6 days)
If implantation does not occur?
The unfertilised egg will deteriorate and be expelled with the menstrual flow.
Pelvic floor muscles
Are the layer of muscles that support the pelvic organs
What are the 3 muscle types?
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
What is skeletal muscle?
Attached to and cover the skeleton
Voluntary muscle
What is cardiac muscle?
Exists only in the heart
Involuntary
What is smooth muscle?
Involuntary
Contractions are slow and sustained
Muscle resistant to fatigue
What are the uterine cavity muscles?
The Perimetrium
The Myometrium
The Endometrium
Explain the Perimetrium?
The outer layer
A loosely fit sheath over the uterus to allow for unrestricted growth.
Explain the Myometrium?
The middle layer
Composed of smooth muscle which is arranged in 3 muscle layers
Has fibres that wrap around blood vessels in a tight network constricting, to expel the foetus and to control bleeding after birth
Explain the endometrium?
The inner layer. The mucous lining of the uterine cavity and where the fertilised egg will implant an grow.
What hormonal influences does oestrogen play in the uterus in pregnancy
Promotes the growth of Myometrium muscle
What hormonal influences do progesterone play in the uterus in pregnancy?
Sustains pregnancy by inhibiting muscular action of the uterus
What are the hormones of the female reproductive system?
Oestrogen Progesterone Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Luteinising hormone (LH)
What muscles do the Levator Ani include?
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Ischiococcygeus
What is effacement?
As pregnancy progresses the cervix softens and shortens
What are the 4 types of pelvis?
Android - triangular or heart shaped
Anthropoid - oval shaped
Gynaecoid - round (most common)
Platypelloid - kidney shaped
Where is the fundus located?
At the top of the uterine body extending to, but not including, the Fallopian tubes.
What are the Levator Ani vital for?
Control of bladder and bowel functions
What anatomical feature can not be viewed when giving birth?
Levator Ani
How many classifications does Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) have?
3
Grade 1 - clitoris
Grade 2 - clitoris & labia minora
Grade 3 - all external genitalia and stitching of vaginal opening
