Week 1 Flashcards
Alveolar Independence
maintains alveolar potency through the elastic recoil of surrounding alveoli preventing alveolar collapse
Right Main Bronchus
contains hyaline cartilage, and is surrounded by the arch of the azygous vein
Pulmonary vein
carry oxygenated blood, and are sited inferoposteriorly within the lung root
Pulmonary artery
carry deoxygenated blood, and are sited superomedially within the lung root
C6 vertebrae
the level at which the lower respiratory tract begins
Trachea
is palpable within the jugular notch
Xiphoid process
is an anatomical landmark for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and is palpable reference point that can be used in BEC
Azygous vein
carries deoxygenated blood, drains into the SVC and arches round the right lung root (right hand side as SVC on right hand side)
Bronchial arteries
arise from the anterior surface of the descending aorta
Pulmonary Lymph Nodes
surrounded by vessels, and may appear black on dissection
Transmural Pressure gradient
keeps the visceral and parietal pleurae closely opposed and can be overcome by a pneumothorax
2nd intercostal space
the site used in decompressing a tension pneumothorax
Rib 6
the site of the oblique fissure anteriorly
Sternocleidomastoid
an accessory muscle of respiration in the neck
Diaphragm
a major inspiratory muscle in a sheet
Internal intercostals
thoracic muscle involved in active expiration
The middle lobe is auscultated
between ribs 4 and 6
The lung apex is situated
superior to the clavicle
The lung base is auscultates
at T11 vertebrae
Bohr effect
the oxygen dissociated curve is shifted right due to conditions in the tissues, meaning more oxygen is released
Haldane effect
as )2 is removed from Hb, Hb’s ability to pick up CO2 and CO2 - generated H+ ions is increased
Henry’s Law
the amount of a gas dissolved in a given type and volume of liquid at constant temperature is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the liquid
Myoglobin dissociation curve
a hyperbolic curve
Haemoglobin dissociated curve
a sigmoid curve
The Bohr effect on the haemoglobin dissociated curve
a sigmoid curve, shifted right
Oral theophylline
a METHYLXANTHINE used as add-on-therapy in asthma. Serum levels must be monitored due to drug to drug interactions
Drug used in asthma in which serum levels must be monitored due to drug to drug interactions
Oral Theophylline
a CysLT-1 receptor antagonist (anti-leukotriene), used as add-on therapy in asthma
Oral montelukast
an anti-inflammatory that can trigger bronchospasm in sensitive individuals
Oral Ibuprofen
Inhaled Beclometasone
a synthetic glucocorticoid used to prevent inflammation in chronic asthma
Oral prednisolone
a synthetic glucocorticoid used in severe or rapidly deteriorating asthma
A weak anti-inflammatory used in allergy asthma, and is particularly useful in children and young adults
Oral theophylline
