Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Urban Analysis > Week 1-5 Quiz > Flashcards

Week 1-5 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Define City

A

Political designation reffering to place governed by specific form of government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Metropolis

A

Large city area ( orginally chief city of country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Metropolitan Area

A

Central city area surrounding territory interrogated with a city (how far people are willing to travel to work)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define Urbanisation

A

Process of urban growth which is the physical movement of people from rural to urban places- can include changes of lifestyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define a mega city

A

10 million plus pop size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define world or global city

A

Refers to critical functions the city plays in the global urban system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define Urban System

A

Hierarchy network of cities with nation or region usually ranked by pop size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Capital City

A

Head City in terms of admin (Canberra)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define Primate City

A

Dominant city in urban city which can also dominate in economics (dual primacy in AUS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define Site

A

Physical environment which city is originated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Urbanisation Levels

A

Refers to extent of population concentration and is usually measured by percentage of pop living in these areas- need at least 10,000 people to all urban and 86% of aus is urban in 2022

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define situation in referring to why cities are located where they are

A

Relative location of city connectedness
+ region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Urban Morphology

A

Description of form of city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Urban Morphology- core

A

Largest city in system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Urban Morphology- periphery

A

Other urban and rural areas in region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Urban morphology - hinterland

A

Rural tributary areas linked to urban centre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Combination or megalopolis

A

Urban region where 2 or more cities combine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the nature of AUS cities

A

They are largely urban however cities are not as large as Asia, cities also developed as adminstrative centres of colonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the key characteristics in development of urban areas

A

Pop size, density and social heterogeneity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Urbanisation in history

A

In 1900 2 types of nations, colinsers and colonised- predicted in 2030 urban pop to be over 60% and in every 1 city dweller in developed areas there in 4 dwellers in least developed areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are colonisers

A

Independent countries- England where all cities are located in industrial nations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are Colonised

A

Latin America which are colonial cities which were established from scratch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the causes of rapid urbanisation

A

Industrialisation (pull factors)- eg higher wages, more opportunity
Rural stagnation (push factors)- forced out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What happened to cities post-colonial

A

After they gained independence there was rapid urban growth and capital was where the money was, there was limited higher wage job sand limited manufacturing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Stages of urbanisation

A

Initial stage where countries are engaged in primary economic activities
Acceleration stage- economy starts to diversities and specialise
Terminal stage- shifting to tertiary activities services
It correlates with economic cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Drivers of cities growth

A

Demographic factors-natural increase, migration
Urban primacy
National economic policies
Improvement in QOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Drivers of cities decline

A

Suburbanisation- push factors
Economic decline and selective decline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Surbanisation

A

When inner ring or commuter belt grows at expense of urban core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Exurbansiation

A

Development occurring beyond the suburbs outside easy community range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Counterurbanisation

A

Population loss of urban care exceeds pop gain resulting in losing pop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Key consideration in urban analysis

A

Scale, characteristics, complexity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

City distinctions from rural areas

A

Large concentration of people, economy based on non-agricultural activities, specialised land uses wide ranges of services, distinctive way of life

32
Q

3 categories based on dominant function

A

-Market centres ( central place theory)
-Transportation centres
-Specialsed service centres

33
Q

Central Place theory

A

Hierarchy of market centres which refers to the size, functions and distribution of settlements with an urban system, it also describes how settlements locate in relation to one another, and why some places function as hamlets , villages, towns or cities

34
Q

Assumptions of Central Place Threory

A

-flat spatial area:no barriers exist to prevent peoples movements
-people will always purchase goods in closest place
-different types of goods+ services. Eg- low order goods -food and high order goods- cars

35
Q

Range of service and goods (CPT)

A

Max distance people are prepared to travel to buy or use it

36
Q

Thereshold of goods and services (CPT)

A

Minimum number of potential customers needed to make this profitable

37
Q

Transportation centres

A

Located along rail lines, coastlines, major rivers

38
Q

Specialised service centres

A

Dominated by single function eg manufacturing, mining, government, education, tourism

39
Q

Economic base concept

A

Basic Functions- functions nesscary for urban growth -eg - manufacturing
-Non basic functions- serve primarily city residents eg grocery’s

40
Q

Urban economics

A

Primary- agriculture, forestry, fishing etc
Secondary- manufacturing
Tertiary - service sector
Quaternary- info services

41
Q

Land Rent Theory

A

Explores the relationship between accessibility and land rent
More accessible a location the greater the demand for it
There theory assumes that the city centre is most accessible and valuable location

42
Q

Concentric Zone Theory

A

City tend to grow outwards by forming a series of rings- radial expansion from the centre- each ring represents a zone of urban expansion

43
Q

Hoyts Sector Theory

A

Spatial Arrangement best characterised by sectors rather than concentric zones, model relies on assumption that a mix of land uses will develop the city centre and expand outwards in sectors

44
Q

Harris and Vllman Multiple Nuclei Theory

A

Cities grow around several nodes forming a ploynuclear pattern
Factors influencing this pattern
-Spealised production
-clustering similar activities
-economic barrier
-pop deconcentration
-separation of home community and work

45
Q

Vance urban realm model

A

Model extends the principles of multiple nuclei theory -key element: emergence of self-sufficient urban areas each for used on a downtown area independent of traditional CBD

46
Q

Inverse concentric Zone Theory

A

Central are: place of residence of elite
Low income groups live of the periphery
Industries located at periphery

47
Q

Human Ecology

A

Theory uses biological analogy to study cities and city life to examine spatiality of urban land uses and social groups
Spatial confiaguration same as those found in nature
-Concentric zone model and sector models derived from this
-competition for space amount land uses and between users contributes to zone transition

48
Q

Assumptions of Concentric zone model

A

-cultural and social heterogeneity of pop
-commercial -industrial base of city- dominating the economy
-private ownership of property and economic competition for space
-expanding area and pop for city
-transport equally easy, rapid and cheap no matter which way
-city centre main centre for employment and space is limited
-no districts are more attractive
-no concentration of heavy industry
-no historic survival of an earlier land use pattern in any districts

49
Q

Community - Huaman Ecology

A

Pop group inhabiting a specific geographical territory and coexisting through a set of symbolic relationships

50
Q

Natural areas or niches

A

Distinguished by their homogenous social or ethnic character

51
Q

Contributions to human ecology theory

A

Model is concerned with residential structure and change however they are labeled land use models, ecological processes of invasion succession to describe redistribution and relocation

52
Q

Limitations of human ecology approach

A

Overly genralised
-economic bias and lack of consideration of cultural and historical factors
-theory does not explain changes affecting cities

53
Q

Political economy of place

A

Focuses on place of cities in capitalist mode of production
-if cities are places where labour power, capital and products are changed then they are therefore governed by laws of capital accumulation
-circulation of capital is key factor in urban development

54
Q

Key factors in production of built environment

A

-rural producers- land owners who are primarily concerned with productive capability of their land
-speculators- interest lies in appreciating value
-developers- subdivers and builders
-households- purchase or lease units
-real-easte agents
-financiers
-other facilitators- lawyers
-governmen

55
Q

How can cities act as a growth machine

A

-Builds an exchange and use of principles of political economy and principles of human ecology
-concerns which exchange values of places
-critical actors
-can be challenged by popular pressure such as opposition to development

56
Q

How is the SEQ an exmample

A

Rapid growth due to interstate and intrastate migration and tourism.
-development sunbelt growth centres that are dominated by entrepreneurial or pro growth urban regimes

57
Q

How is historical development of waterfront living in the GC an example

A

Rapid development in 1950 triggered a land spec rush linked to booming tourism
-as suitable land ran out Florida waterways and canal estates became model for developing swamp land

58
Q

Urban politics

A

Urbanisation is inherently a political process
-3 factors that affect the way cities respond to change - government policies, market forces, national, regional and local socio-political context.
-need to look at interplay between social, economic and political agents and structures

59
Q

Globalisation

A

Worldwide movement towards greater integration of financial, trade and communication facilities leading to a more interconnected and interdependent world with simplified transfer of capital, goods and services across a national border

60
Q

Post-modernism

A

A rejection of the notion that planning can occur rationally and an acceptance of the idea that there is a not a single way to plan and acceptance of diversity

61
Q

Factors leading to post morden cities

A

Demographic changes and changes to population structure and composition
-restriction of economic base
-formation of global system
-changing social structure
Radical restricting of urban form

62
Q

Birth rate

A

Annual nu of births per year per 1000 people
-in 2022- 12.2 birth rate

63
Q

Fertility rate

A

Average no of children per women
-decreased over time

64
Q

Mortality rate

A

Annual no of deaths per year per 1000 people
-crude death rates - 7.3 in 2022 in aus
Increased life expectancy and age-dependency ratio

65
Q

Migration

A

International and inter-State migration
-international important for growth in syd and mel
-interstate migration important for SEQ

66
Q

Geographical distribution of population

A

Pop growth concentration in coastal sunbelt areas, growth of mega urban regions

67
Q

Changing population composition and structure

A

Move towards smaller fatalities households, increasing diversity , ageing population

68
Q

Economic changes in cities

A

De-industrialisation of citrines in developed countries
-changes in employment structure as there is a decline in manufacturing jobs and growth in service and occupations such as mangers
-Chaning workforce- increased labour force participation

69
Q

Post-industrial urbanisation

A

Move from fordist to post fordist organisation of industrial production

70
Q

Fordist

A

Mass production or consumption

71
Q

Post-fordist

A

Flexible production systems that are replacement of permant and full time worker by part time employees

72
Q

Global system of world cities

A
  1. New York, London, Tokyo
    2.cities such as la, Sydney, Singapore
    3 cities in developing world
73
Q

Characteristics of divided post modern cities

A

Despatralization- globalisation of consumption
-Fragmentation- social diversity -increasing socio-economic and widening income gap- spatial divisions reflecting social polarisation

74
Q

Characteristics of post morden cities

A

Privatization- public spaces, gated communities,
Gentrification- buying and renovation of houses in deteroriated urban neighbourhoods, improving property values
Diversity of cultural landscapes

75
Q

Citadel

A

Enclosed area of upper income residence

76
Q

Enclave

A

Space of social concentration that can be cultural, immigrant or exclusionary

77
Q

Ghetto

A

Spaces of congestion usually isolated and structurally impoverished

78
Q
A

Urban Analysis (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions