Week 1 Flashcards
What are random experiments?
Experiments for which the outcome cannot be predicted with certainty. It is a process leading to at least two outcomes with uncertainty.
What is S?
S is the sample space, or outcome space. It is the collection of all possible outcomes.
Two dice are cast, and the total number of spots on the sides that are “up” are counted. What is the outcome space?
S = {2,3,…,12}
* What is the probability mass function?
* distribution of the random variable
sample
the collection of observations that are obtained from repeated trials
statistical inference
making of a conjecture about the distribution of a random variable based on the sample
discrete data
counting numbers
frequency
the number of times outcome A occurred in n trials; f = N(A)
relative frequency
the number of times outcome A occurred in n trials, divided by the number of trials; (f = N(A))/n
probability
the stabilized number that describes the relative frequency with high values of n
frequency table
provides the number of occurrences of each possible outcome
histogram
graphical representation of a frequency table
Simpson’s paradox
possible for batter A to have a better average than batter B for both seasons, but batter B still has the better overall average
event A
A is a subset of the outcome space S
