Week 1

Question 1

Men/Women more affected by amputations?

Answer 1

Men

Question 2

Ethnicity most affected by Amputations?

Answer 2

African Americans

Question 3

Effect of age on amputations?

Answer 3

Rates progressively increase with age

Question 4

Main cause of amputations?

Answer 4

Dysvascular and neuropathy related complications (81%)

PAD, PVD, diabetes

Question 5

Cause of 85% of non-traumatic LE amputations?

Answer 5

Nonhealing or infected neuropathic ulcers

Question 6

% of diabetes patients who will have an amputation?

Answer 6

25%

Question 7

% of patients who have amputation who will undergo contralateral amputation in 5 years?

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

How much more is a LE amputation than UE?

Answer 8

11x more likely

Question 9

Most common LE amputation?

Answer 9

Toes 33%

Question 10

2nd most common LE amputation?

Answer 10

Transtibial 28%

Question 11

3rd most common LE amputation?

Answer 11

Transfemoral 26%

Question 12

4th most common LE amputation?

Answer 12

Foot/ankle 11%

Question 13

5th most common LE amputation?

Answer 13

Tie.
Knee disarticulation
Hip disarticulation and Hemipelvicetomy
<1% each

Question 14

Where are incisions made for an amputation?

Answer 14

Distal to amputation level of bone to allow adequate soft tissue coverage

Question 15

Where are veins/arteries clamped and ligated/sutered?

Answer 15

At the most distal point

Question 16

How are nerves cut

Answer 16

Transsected under tension and allowed to retract.

Question 17

What is a neuroma?

Answer 17

Hard bulbous end of a severed nerve. May cause pain

Question 18

What is done to the end of the bone after an amputation?

Answer 18

Bone is beveled

Question 19

What is a myoplasty?

Answer 19

Opposing muscle groups sutured to each other

Question 20

What is a myodesis?

Answer 20

Opposing muscle group is sutured to the bone

Question 21

What part of the amputation are incisions sutured?

Answer 21

They are sutured on non-weight bearing surfaces

Question 22

Where is a toe amputation usually sutured?

Answer 22

Sutured alond anterior or dorsal aspect of the foot

Question 23

What is a Lisfranc procedure?

Answer 23

Tarsometatarsal disarticualtion

Question 24

What is a chopart procedure?

Answer 24

Midtarsal disarticulation

Question 25

Where is the insicion sutured in a foot amputation?

Answer 25

Anterior or dorsal aspect of foot

Question 26

What is a syme procedure?

Answer 26

Talocrural disarticulaton

Question 27

Is a limb weight bearing after a syme procedure??

Answer 27

Not initially but after healing can weight bear for short periods of time

Question 28

What is a TT or BK amputation?

Answer 28

Transtibial (below knee)

Question 29

What is the ideal length of a TT amputation?

Answer 29

approx. 15 cm (33-50% original length) although some report 20-60%

Question 30

What is the benefits of a short residual tibia? Drawbacks?

Answer 30

improved comfort w/increased surface for weight bearing.

At a mechanical disadvantage

Question 31

Benefits of a long residual tibia? Drawbacks?

Answer 31

Mechanical advantage.

Prosthetic options limited

Question 32

In a TT amputation, how much skin is left?

Answer 32

A long posterior flap of skin is left to suture over the end of the amputation.

Question 33

Most common level of a knee disarticulation?

Answer 33

Most leave femoral condyles intact

Question 34

What is a TF or AK amputation?

Answer 34

Transfemoral (abve knee)

Question 35

What is the ideal length of a transfemoral amputation?

Answer 35

Ideal length preserves 50-66% of femoral length

Question 36

What happens with short/long residual femur?

Answer 36

Short-difficulty with suspension

Long-limits prosthetic options

Question 37

What muscle is preserved with a transfemoral amputation?

Answer 37

Adductor magnus which is required for prosthetic stabilization