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Week 1-3 Anatomy & Physiology > Week 1-3 > Flashcards

Week 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Receptor

A

senses change in the body

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2
Q

Interrgrating Control

A

processes the sensory info and directs a response

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3
Q

effector

A

cell that carries out final response to restore homeostasis

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4
Q

Metabolism

A

chemical reaction within the body

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5
Q

Anabolism

A

synthesis of reactions ( e.g. hair growth )

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6
Q

Catabolism

A

decompistion of reactions

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7
Q

Adenonsin Triphosphate ( ATP )

A

most important engery transport molecule, stores energy and releases it for physiological work, holds energy in covalent bonds

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8
Q

Supine

A

palms forward, radius and unlua crossed

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9
Q

Prone

A

palms face back, radius and unla are parallel

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10
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

divides body into left and right

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11
Q

Cornol ( frontal )

A

divides body to anterior and posterior

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12
Q

transverse

A

divides body into upper and lower parts

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13
Q

Mediustinum

A

space between the lungs

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14
Q

Partial Viscera

A

outside covering of the lungs

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15
Q

Visceral

A

inside covering of lungs

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16
Q

polymerization

A

covalently going monomers e.g. codensation

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17
Q

High Density Lipoprotien

A

Good Chloresterol

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18
Q

Low Density Chloresterol

A

bad chloresterol

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19
Q

Peptide Bond

A

carboxyl group reacts with an amino group releasing a water molecule ( dehydration synthesis )

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20
Q

Receptor

A

binds to chemical messenger ( such as hormone )

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21
Q

Enzyme

A

breaks down chemical messenger and terminates effect

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22
Q

Channel

A

a protien that allows solutes to go in and out

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23
Q

Gated Channel

A

only allows certain molecules to pass through at certain times

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24
Q

Cell identity Marker

A

glycoprotien acting as cell identiny distinguishing foreign cells from bodys own cells

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25
Q

Cell adheasion molecule

A

binds one cell to another

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26
Q

intergral

A

through or across

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27
Q

periphal

A

outside

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28
Q

intermediate

A

maintains shape

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29
Q

microtubules

A

involved in cell divison

30
Q

Endoplasmic rectilulum

A

a system of channels enclosed by a membrane

31
Q

Ribosomes

A

small granuals of protien and RNA

32
Q

Golgi Complex

A

synthesizes carbohydrates and processes protiens from rough ER

33
Q

lysosomes

A

a package of enzymes bound by a membrane function, intracellular digestion, apoptosis, autophagy

34
Q

peroxisomes

A

H202 contains oxygen to oxidize organic materials

35
Q

Mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell, ATP production, inner membrane cristae, matrix is space between cristae

36
Q

Transcription

A

the process which a cell makes protiens using genetic info to be carried in mRNA

37
Q

Gene

A

a segmant of DNA coding for synthesis of a protien

38
Q

Genome

A

all 23 chromsosmes in a DNA set

39
Q

Transcription

A

DNA is copied into mRNA in nucleus

40
Q

Translation

A

cells make protien using genetic information carried in mRNA, happens in ribososomes

41
Q

immature

A

RNA produced by transcription

42
Q

exons

A

sense portionsof the pre-mRNA

43
Q

introns

A

nonsense protions of the pre mRNA

44
Q

RNA polymerse

A

opens up DNA helix and produces mRNA

45
Q

passive transport

A

requires no ATP, movement is down their concentration gradiant

46
Q

Filtration

A

particles are driven through a membrane due to pressure

47
Q

Simple Diffusion

A

the movement of particles from an area of high to low

48
Q

Tonicity

A

the ability of a solution to affect volume and pressure in a cell

49
Q

Hypotonic solutions

A

cause cells to absorb water and swell

50
Q

Hypertonic

A

causes cell to lose water and shrivel

51
Q

Carrier-Mediated Transport

A

transport membrane carry solutes into or out of organelle

52
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

carrier protien moves a solute down it’s orig. conce. gradiant, does not consume ATP

53
Q

Primary active transport

A

carrier moves solute through a membrane up its conce. gradiant

54
Q

Matrix

A

fiberous protiens, ground substance, fluid

55
Q

Epithelial tissue ( skin )

A

sheets of tightly packed cells that cover body surfaces and lines the body cavities, sits on basement, protection, absorption

56
Q

Simple squamous Epithelium

A

rapid diffusion, transport, secretes watery fluid, located in alvelili

57
Q

Simple columnar Epithelium

A

single row, brush border of microvilli, absorption, e.g. uterus

58
Q

Pedostratified Epithelium

A

all cells touch basement, secreates and propels mucus

59
Q

Non-kernized

A

lacks surface layer of dead cells e.g vagina

60
Q

kernatinized

A

found on skin surface, surface layer of dead cells abrasion resistant

61
Q

Collagen Fibers

A

most abundent in body ( e.g. tendons )

62
Q

Recticular fibers

A

thin collagen fibers in the spleen and lymph nodes

63
Q

elastic fibers

A

thin fibers made of elastin ( skin )

64
Q

Areolar tissue

A

loose organized fibers, underlines epithelia, facia between muscles

65
Q

Recticular tissue

A

mesh of fibers and fiberblasts found in lymph nodes

66
Q

dense recticular tissue

A

densly packed, paraellel, e.g. tendons

67
Q

Adipose tissue

A

densly packed, randomly arranged, capsules around organs

68
Q

Hyaline

A

holds airway open, joint movement and bone growth, e.g. trachea

69
Q

Elastic cartalige

A

contains elastic fibers, provides flexible support, e.g. ear

70
Q

fibercartilage

A

containing large bundles of collahe fibers , resist compression and absorbs shock

Week 1-3 Anatomy & Physiology (1 decks)

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