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Community Nursing > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Assurance

A

Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available. Includes providing essential personal health services for those who would otherwise not receive them and making sure that a competent public health & personal health care workforce is available.

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1
Q

Assessment

A

Systematic data collection on the population & making info available about the health of the community.

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2
Q

Community

A

People and the relationships that emerge among them as they develop and use in common some agencies and institutions and a physical environment.

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3
Q

Community Health Nurse (AKA Public nurse)

A

Goal is to preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health of community and the effect of the community health status on individuals, families, and groups.

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4
Q

Community-Based Nursing (Practices)

A

Focuses is on “illness care” of individuals & families across the lifespan. Gives direct care.

Goal: Manage acute or chronic conditions

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5
Q

Community-Oriented Nursing (Teaches)

A

Primary focus on “health care” of individuals, families, groups, and the community, or population.

Goal: preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health, and prevent disease.

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6
Q

Community-oriented practice

A

Clinical approach in which the nurse and the community join in partnership and work together for healthful change. The nurse provides healthcare after doing a community diagnosis to determine what conditions need to be altered so that individuals, families, and groups in the community can stay healthy.

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7
Q

Policy development

A

Efforts to develop policies that support the health of the population, including using scientific knowledge base to make policy decisions.

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8
Q

Population / Aggregate

A

A collection of people who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics.

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9
Q

Population-focused

A

Emphasizes populations who live in a community.

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10
Q

Population-focused practice

A

Core of public health, a practice that emphasizes health protection, health promotion, and disease prevention of the population.

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11
Q

Primary healthcare services

A

Both primary care and public health services that are designed to meet the basic needs of people and communities at an affordable cost.

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12
Q

The primary goal of Public Health?

A

Prevention of disease & disability in the entire community.

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13
Q

What are the core functions of the public health system?

A
  1. ASSESSMENT - data collection on the populations health status.
  2. POLICY DEVELOPMENT - developing policies through scientific knowledge which supports the health of the population.
  3. ASSURANCE - making sure that essential community–oriented health services are available.
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14
Q

Public health nursing

A

The practice of promoting & protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences.

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15
Q

What is the primary goal of public health?

A

The prevention of disease and disability – is achieved by ensuring that conditions exist in which people can remain healthy.

16
Q

What is evidence-based nursing?

A

An integration of the best evidence available, nursing expertise, and the values and preferences of the individuals, families, & communities who are served.

17
Q

Secondary health care services

A

Designed to detect and treat disease in the early acute stage.

17
Q

Subpopulations

A

Subsets of the population who share similar characteristics. Example, people older than 65 who live in a residential home would be a subset of a larger population of older persons.

17
Q

Tertiary healthcare services

A

Services designed to limit the progression of disease or disability. Not often used.

18
Q

“instructive district nursing”

A

Term coined in the 19th century to emphasize the relationship of nursing to health education.

19
Q

Elizabethan Poor Law

A

Used to establish care systems for the sick, poor, aged, and mentally ill.

20
Q

What have been benefits of public health?

A
  1. Dramatic increase in life expectancy.
  2. Decrease in the number of deaths from stroke, CAD, & CA.
  3. Overall death rates for children have declined about 40%.
  4. The safety and adequacy of food and water, sewage disposal, and public safety from biological threats.
  5. The control of infectious diseases through immunizations.
  6. Decreased tobacco use, better blood pressure control, better dietary patterns, and automobiles safety restraint.
21
Q

What is the Affordable Care Act of 2010?

A

Designed to increase the quality and affordability of health insurance, lower the uninsured rate by expanding public and private insurance coverage, and reducing the cost of healthcare for individuals and the government.

22
Q

The Shattuck Report

A

Called for broad changes to improve the publics health: establishment of a state health department and local health boards in every town; sanitary surveys and collection of vital statistics; environmental sanitation; food, drug, and communicable disease control; well-child care; health education; tobacco and alcohol control; town planning; and the teaching of preventative medicine and medical schools.

23
Q

And 1859 William Rathbone founded?

A

The first district nursing association in Liverpool England.

24
Q

The public health service, the most important federal public health agency today, was established?

A

In 1789 as the Marine hospital service.

25
Q

What is the Babylonians, Egyptians, and Jews emphasize?

A

Hygiene. .

26
Q

What did the Greeks emphasize?

A

Personal rather than community health and believe that individual health was linked to the environment.

27
Q

The Romans recognize the importance of?

A

The regulation of medical practices and punishment for medical negligence.

28
Q

The Middle Ages saw decline in?

A

Community health organization and practice.

29
Q

In the middle ages poor sanitary conditions and residential crowding led to an increased incidence of?

A

Communicable diseases.

30
Q

During the Crimean war Florence Nightingale used epidemiology for what?

A

Improved sanitary conditions for the sick and injured soldiers.

Community Nursing (2 decks)

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