Week 1-2

Question 1

What is a resource allocator

Answer 1

Allows for the management and allocation of resources
• Allows for a uniform interface to similar hardware, programs get the right access to buffer, files, processes so that they can run

Question 2

What is a control program

Answer 2

Controls operation of IO and how user programs run

Question 3

What is the Kernel

Answer 3

• Runs at all times, bridge between the applications and the hardware

Question 4

What is Parallel Systems

Answer 4

• Share memory and IO

* Allows for increased throughput and reliability, master-slave relationship

Question 5

What is a Distributed Systems

Answer 5

• Each process has a chunk of memory and IO, allows to share resources and the load. Also to be more reliable

Question 6

What are the two types of Real-time systems

Answer 6

• Hard, the condition must be met or the system fails

* Soft, The missed deadline just means that the quality of the result goes down. Example, YouTube videos

Question 7

What is the structure of the computer system?

Answer 7

• CPU> Disk Controller > Video Controller (ALL FLOWS INTO —> Memory controller and memory)

Question 8

What are interrupts:

Answer 8

• Suspends the current program, transfers the control, determines which controller generated the interrupt and separates the routines for each interrupt.
  
  • Two types: Polling and vectored interrupts

Question 9

What are traps?

Answer 9

• They are interrupts but they are generated by the program executing. Dividing by zero for example

Question 10

What are I/O Queues?

Answer 10

• One process requests IO from the controller, if busy, the I/O request is queued.

Question 11

Queues go from the:

Answer 11

Stack (or interrupt routine) to the process

Question 12

What is synchronous vs Asynchronous IO?

Answer 12

• Synchronous: control returns to the program after I/o is completed
  
  • Asynchronous: Return directly to program during I/O operation

Question 13

What are the three storage structures?

Answer 13

• Main Memory
  
  • Secondary storage (CD’s, hard disks)
  • Cache (buffer between CPU and main memory)

Question 14

What are the three types of hardware protection?

Answer 14

• Memory protection
  
  • I/O protection (Only one program can read its IO)
  • CPU protection (privileges)

Question 15

What are the two levels of Hardware protection?

Answer 15

• User mode

* Kernal Mode

Question 16

The Operating System is __________ driven

Answer 16

The Operating System is __________ driven (Interrupt)