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MCB BLOCK 1 > Week 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Week 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 non reducing sugars ?

A

Sucrose and trehalose

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2
Q

What is the polyol pathway ?

A

Glucose to SORBITOL to fructose

NADPH
SORBITOL Dehydrogenase

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3
Q

What are the non polar AA ?

A

GAM PILV PTM

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4
Q

What are the posive charged AA.?

A

LAH

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5
Q

Polar AA?

A

AGSTT

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6
Q

Negative AA?

A

ASPARGLUT

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7
Q

Ketogenic AA ?

A

LEUCINE
ISOLEUCINE

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8
Q

Glucogenic and ketogenic AA ?

A

PITTT

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9
Q

How do you differentiate between AGCT?

A

A = only 1 NH2 with 2 rings
G = nh2 and double bnd O (2rings)
C = nh2 and double bnd O
T = ch3 and double bond O
U = 2 double bond O

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10
Q

What is PAS used for ?

A

Carbohydrates

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11
Q

What are the layers of epidermis ?

A

Stratum corneum
Stratum leucidium
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale

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12
Q

1st cell for bacterial infection ?

A

Neutrophils

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13
Q

1st cell for parasitic infection ?

A

Eosinophils

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14
Q

In which arteries in elastic lamina more in tunica intima and tunica media ?

A

Elastic arteries

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15
Q

Arteries with more EL in tunica inimia and adventia ?

A

Muscular

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16
Q

Which two veins comprise hepatic vein ?

A

Hepatic port + superior mesenteric and splenic

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17
Q

What are the structure of nephron ?

A

Glomerulus
PCT
DESCND LOOP
ASEND LOOP
DCT
COLLECTING DUCT

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18
Q

What are the 2 layers of adrenal gland ?

A

Outer cortex
Inner medulla

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19
Q

What are the 3 layers of inner medula and it’s harmones?

A

Glomerulosa - Aldosterone (Mineralo)
Fasciculata - Cortisol ( gluco)
Reticularis - androgens (Gonado)

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20
Q

What are the two parts of pituitary ?

A

Anterior = Adenohypophysis ( Pars distal)
Posterior = Neurohypophysis ( nervosa)

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21
Q

What are the two harmones of Pars nervosa ?

A

Oxytocin and ADH

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22
Q

What are the basophilic harmones of Adenohypophysis ?

A

Fsh, lh
TSG
Acth

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23
Q

Acidophil harmones of Adenohypophysis ?

A

GH AND PROLACTIN

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24
Q

Which layer of the embryo forms the lung bud or Respiratory diverticulum at week 4 ?

A

ENDODERM

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25
What does lung bud bifurcate into ?
Bronchial bud
26
Which groove becomes a septum separating Tranchea and esophagus ?
Tracheo-oesophagal groove
27
What are the 4 stages of lung development ?
P 1-16 C 16-25 T 26 - birth A birth to 8 years
28
What are the functions of two surfactants of lungs ?
1 alveolar - gas exchange 2 pneumocyte - Prevents sticking
29
What are the layers of heart
Endocardium Myocardium Pericardium (visceral Epicardium) Epicardium
30
3 parts where ureter constriction occur ?
Renal pelvis to ureter Pelvic brim Bladder
31
What is it called when uterus Is in normal position ?
Antiverted (normal) Retroverdes (abnormal)
32
What are the ventricles of CSF ?
Lateral to third ( IV FORMEN) Third to 4th ( Cerebral aqua duct) 4 th to 1 median and 2 lateral apetures
33
Look at the somatic and visceral nerves in WEEK 2 CNS?
111 PAGE NO IN TUTORING
34
Which nerves goes to prearotic ganglia and to the visceral organs ?
Splanchic nerves
35
What are the two genomic repeat types ?
Tandem Interspersed
36
What are the 4 types of tandem repeats ?
Satellite - kinetachore Mini - Telomers Microsatelite - str, ssr VNTR
37
What is the most common repeat sequence in the Genome ?
SINE ALU ELEMENTS
38
What are the results of fertilization in day 1 ?
Restoration of diploid chromosomes Determination of Sex Cleave of zygote initiation
39
What are the two layers of blastocyst ?
Inner embryoblast Outer tropoblast
40
What are the two layers of tropoblast
Syncytotrophoblast Cytotrophoblast
41
What are the results of week 2 of fertilization ?
Epibalst and hypoblast formation from embryoblast Tropho= syncyto and Cyto Amniotic and blastocyst cavity appear Blastocyst = yolk sac Mesoderm splits = parietal and visceral
42
What is the main function of week 3 of fertilization ?
Formation of 3 germ layers
43
What is the function of primitive streak and what does it contain ?
Primitive streak = grrove, node and pit Formation of trilaminar disck
44
What is ccloacal membrane ?
It is the future site of the anus where the epibalst and the hypoblast fuse
45
Which Mesoderm is first formed by the 1st population of epibalst and primitive streak ?
Intramembrameous Mesoderm
46
What is the tumor from primitive streak called
Sacrococcygeal teratoma
47
What are the parts of ectoderm and it's future organs/ organells?
Ectoderm = epithelium of skin Neuroectoderm from Neural tube CNS RETINA Neuroectoderm from Neural Crest PNS FACE MOUTH NOSE PHARYNS
48
What are the three types of Mesoderm in the trilaminar disk ?
Paraxial Intermediate Lateral
49
What does the paraxial Mesoderm form ?
Scleratoma = bones of torso Dermomyotome = all skeletal muscle
50
What does intermediate Mesoderm form ?
Urogenital system
51
What does lateral Mesoderm form ?
Parietal = limb bones, sternum, Dermis, parietal Pericardium, pleura and peritonium Visceral = smooth and cardiac muscle, visceral layer of Pericardium, pleura and peritonium, Vasculature
52
What does ENDODERM lining form ?
GI AND RESP TRACT
53
What is the pneumonic for baby reflex ?
GRABSMEN 944(12)2604
54
What is western blotting used for ?
Protien
55
What are the initial and final n & c number of mitosis ?
2n 4c 2n 2c
56
What are the initial and final n & c number of miosis 1
2n 4c 1n 2c
57
What are the initial and final n & c number
1n 2c 1n 1c
58
What are the four phases of mitosis ?
Pmat
59
What are the three disorders of trisomy aneuploidy ?
Ped Patau - cleft palate - 13 Edward - rock bottom feat - 18 Down - single palmar crease - 21
60
What is the cause of turner syndrome ?
Aneuploidy of Sex chromosomes Loss of X or Y chromosomes 45X
61
Cause of klienfelter syndrome ?
47 Xxy Trisomy of Sex chromosomes MALES
62
47 Xxx chromosomes trisomy cause ?
Tall in female
63
47xyy causes ?
Tall in males
64
Wolf hirschann syndrome is caused by ?
Loff of p arm of chromosome 4 Growth retard Hypotonia Greek helmet
65
Cru Du chat syndrome is caused by ?
Loss of p arm of chromosome 5 Mental retardation Hypertelorism - wife space bt eyes

MCB BLOCK 1 (1 decks)

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