Week 1 Flashcards
VO2 (mL/kg/min) Equation
- VO2 (L/min) x 1000
- Divided by Weight
Running Economy / VO2 (mL/kg/km) Equation
- VO2 x 60
- Divided by (k/per hour)
Where does Anaerobic and Aerobic processes happen during Glycolysis
anerobic = cytosol
aerobic = mitochondria
ATP-PC
- Time
- Example
- 10 seconds
- 100 meter sprint
Anaerobic Glycolysis
- Time
- Example
- 10-30 seconds
- 200-400 meters
Aerobic System
- Time
- Example
- 30+ seconds
- 800-3000 meters
Benefits of Rolling Starts
allows sprinters to reach top speed during training
Benefits of Assisted Sprints
improves stride frequency
Running Economy
The oxygen cost of running at a given submaximal speed
think about definition
Why is RE Important
- Determines endurance performance
- Measures how runners can use less oxygen at a given pace, allowing energy conservation
RER
VCO2/VO2
- Reflects catabolism of foods in cell and tissue
- determinds mix of food e.g. CHO and fats
RER less or more than 1
- Less than 1 - fat conversion
-Over 1 - carb conversion
MMEC
Physiological Factors Affecting RE
- muscle metabolism (higher mitochondria)
- muscle fibre type (slow twitch - more oxidative)
- elastic energy storage in tendons
- core temperature
Benefits of carbon shoes
increase storage of elastic energy
BC, SL and GRF?
Anthropometric and Biomechanical Factors
- body composition (less mass in lower limbs for less weight, narrow pelvis)
- stride length/kinematics (O2 efficacy, less bouncy movements and efficient technique)
- GRF (low GRF vertically and less contact w ground)
Haemoglobin
what is it also binded with
carries 4 oxygen molecules binded with iron subunits in red blood cells
TBV in athletes
- higher = greater cardiac output
- higher HB mass
higher intravascular volume
Athlete’s Anaemia
during exercise where there is total blood volume increase and haematocrit (RBC percentage in blood) decrease, causing impaired performance
Erythropoiesis
exercise -> TBV increase -> haematocrit decrease (athlete anaemia) -> decreased arterial O2 content -> decreased kidney pressure -> erythropoietin (hormone in kidneys signalling EPO) -> erythropoiesis (rbc increase from bone marrow)
Hypoxia
decreased O2 levels in tissue
Altitude Training
process
less partial pressure/arterial oxygen saturation –> hypoxia –> decreased kidney pressure –> kidneys secrete erythropoietin –> increased rbc volume
what do they do? think about hours and percentages
Live High Train Low
- method where athletes live in high altitudes for EPO increase (2000-2500 meters)
- living 14-20 hours per day for 4 weeks
- train at low altitudes to maintain quality of work
- increase of 7-8% of EPO / VT (7%)
